文档介绍：南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
基于光纤迈克尔逊干涉原理的应变测试系统设计
姓名:杨明
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:测试计量技术及仪器
指导教师:梁大开
20070101
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
本文结合课题研究和实际项目需要,设计了一种基于光纤迈克尔逊干涉原理
的结构简单、精度高的应变测试系统。该测试系统包括光纤干涉传感模块、信号
解调模块、判向计数模块、单片机控制模块、上位机通信模块等几部分。解调器
由 3×3 耦合器和解调电路构成,根据干涉光在通过耦合器后,产生的 2π/3 固定
相位差,对信号进行放大整形、滤波,由解调电路可直接获取被传感信号进行解
调;判向计数模块基于 CPLD 技术,满足了系统高分辨率需求;单片机控制电路
以 AT89S52 单片机为核心部件,实现了数据采集、通讯及计数模块清零等功能。
本文主要分两个部分:第一部分首先介绍了光纤迈克尔逊干涉的基本原理,
并从理论上分析了发生干涉现象的条件和构成迈克尔逊干涉系统的必要条件,然
后重点阐述了基于 3×3 耦合器的干涉型光纤传感器的工作原理及其主要组成部
分;第二部分从硬件开发和软件开发两个方面,重点介绍整个测试系统的设计过
程,对系统各组成部分进行了详细的分析,并给出了整个测试系统的体系结构。

关键词:迈克尔逊干涉,单片机,光纤传感器,3×3 耦合器,CPLD

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南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
ABSTRACT
In this paper, an all-fiber interferential sensing system which has simple
configuration and high accuracy is designed for the reason of topic research and the
demand of actual item. This measurement system includes fiber optical interferer
sensor, counter module, controller circuit and munication module. Based on
the 2π/3 phase difference when interference beam pass through the coupler, the signal
is magnified, shaped and filtered by the prising 3×3 directional
coupler and demodulation circuit, and can be demodulated by the demodulation
circuit directly. Counter module is based on the technology of CPLD, which is able to
achieve the specified high accuracy of the measurement system. The data collections,
communications and counter module clearing are realized by controller circuit. The
core of the controller circuit is AT89S52 single chip.
This paper contains two main parts. The first part introduced the theory of
Michelson fiber optical sensor, and analyzed the conditions of the occurrence of
interference phenomenon and posing of Michelson Fiber Optical Interferer
Sensor. Then it focuses on the operational principle and ponents of fiber
optical sensor based on 3×3 directional coupler. The second part is illustrated from the
development of hardware and software. It emphasized the