文档介绍：定语从句◆-for–,’,,迟早要喂狼.Ⅰ.概念:(1)定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。(2)先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词的作用:1)引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2)必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用的关系代词:that、which、who、whom、whose、as常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语):when、why、(whom)':第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。Ⅱ.几个关系代词的基本用法:●that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语)如:.(主语)?(that)youlike.(宾语)(that/which)theyaretalkingabout?(who/whom/that)'snolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobebefore.(表语)(that)itusedtobe.=Ourhometownisnotthesameasitusedtobe.=Ourhometownisdifferentfromwhatitusedtobe。=Ourhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.●which:指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语。如:.(主语)(which/that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(宾语),whichhisbrotherneverwas.(表语),duringwhichtimehelearnedFrench.(定语),inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforhim.●who,whom,whose:who:主格,在从句中作主语,在口语或非正式用法中作宾语;只可指人whom:宾格,在从句中作宾语;只可指人whose:属格,在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物。Ilikethestudentswho/thatworkhard.(主语)Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.(代词如he,they,any,those,all,one等后多用who.)Chaplin,forwhomlifehadoncebeenveryhard,essasanactor.(宾语)He'samanfromwhomweshouldlearn.=He'saman(whom/who/that).(指人)I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.(指物)=I'dlikearoomofwhichthewindowfacessouth.=I'dlikearoom