文档介绍：代词
代词用来代替名词或名词词组,在句中用以避免名词的重复。
因此,代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称、数、性、格上取得一致。
代词的分类:
一、人称代词
二、物主代词
三、反身代词
四、相互代词
五、指示代词
六、疑问代词
七、关系代词
八、不定代词
(一)代词概述
代词用来代替名词,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语,有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。
(二)基本知识梳理
1. 人称代词:主格作主语,宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。
He often helps me.
Who is at the door? It's me.
The bicycle belongs to Tom and me.
出现并列主语或宾语时,其排列顺序为:单数时是第二、第三、第一人称(简称231)即you,he and I或you,her and me;复数时是第一、第二、第三人称(简称123)即we,you and they或us,you and them。
2. 物主代词:形容词性物主代词作定语,后加名词;而名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词。如: This is my book. = This book is mine.
名词性物主代词可做主语、宾语和表语。如:
Your pen is blue.    Mine is blue,too.
May I use your pen?    I've lost mine.
She is a classmate of his.
The bike is hers.
3. 反身代词:用作宾语和起强调作用。
1)作宾语
Help yourself to some cakes.
I can look at myself in the mirror.
They should think more of the public health than themselves.
2)作强调
We do homework by ourselves.
I myself go to the airport to meet my uncle.
4. 指示代词
1)this,that,these,those
What's this(that)?    It's a book.
What are these(those)?    They are books.
this和these比较靠近,that和those稍远一点。
2)it的用法
(1)指物:It's a robot.
(2)指自然现象: It's raining now, but it will be fine soon.
(3)指时间:What time is it?    It's 8 o'clock.
(4)指距离:It's twenty minutes' walk.
(5)作形式主语:It's important for us to fight pollution.
It took me half an hour to finish the work.
It's kind of you to say so.
(6)作形式宾语: We