文档介绍：“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage
“液化”是日本地震破坏的关键
The massive subduction zone1 earthquake in Japan caused(动词,表示造成) a significant level of soil "liquefaction"2 that has surprised researchers with its 1 severity, a new analysis shows.
一份分析报告表明,在日本,巨大的俯冲带地震致使土壤液化的程度之严重,范围之广令研究者们着实吃了一惊。
"We've seen localized3 examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distance and 2 of damage in Japan were unusually severe," said Scott Ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering4 at Oregon State University5. "Entire structures were tilted and sinking into(词组,表示陷入) the sediments," Ashford said. "The shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines6, crippling the utilities and infrastructure munities need to 3 . We saw some places that sank as much as four feet."
“我们以前也看到过这么严重的小范围的土壤液化现象,但是,日本的破坏程度范围之广是极为严重的。所有结构都倾斜了并陷到沉淀物中,土壤中的断层摧毁了自来水管、排水和煤气管道,社区的公共和基础设施陷于瘫痪。我们看到有些地区下陷了四英尺”。来自俄勒冈州立大学岩土工程系的Scott Ashford说到。
Some degree of soil liquefaction7 mon in almost any major earthquake. It's a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water(浸满水, 固定搭配be soaked in with sth.), particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their 4 and flow during an earthquake. This can allow (动词,表示允许)structures to shift or sink or 5 .
几乎任何大地震都会带来某种程度的土壤液化。这种现象是由于地震中浸满了水的土壤,尤其刚沉淀下来的沉淀物或细砂土在振动作用下突然失去支撑的力量而呈现液态变化。从而导致地面建筑物移动、下沉或倒塌。
But most earthquakes are much 6