文档介绍：南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
两级扭杆弹簧的结构设计与有限元分析
姓名:张宏涛
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:车辆工程
指导教师:阮米庆
20070501
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
扭杆弹簧的单位储存能比其他种类的弹性元件大得多,而且可以使汽车的
非簧载质量减小。在汽车独立悬架中,扭杆弹簧悬架有利于提高汽车的平顺性,
而且布置起来比其他弹簧要求的空间小。但是扭杆弹簧的扭转刚度是常数,为
了进一步提高扭杆弹簧悬架的性能,本文对扭杆悬架进行了结构分析和设计。
本文对汽车悬架用单级扭杆弹簧进行了优化设计。以双横臂独立悬架为安
装平台,运用大型 CAD 软件 CATIA 对两级扭杆弹簧进行了结构设计,给出了
两级扭杆弹簧悬架的三种结构形式,并分析了它们的优缺点。
因为传统的单级扭杆弹簧悬架的刚度近似为常数,与汽车悬架理想弹性特
性曲线[1]相差较大。为了使扭杆弹簧悬架具有较好的非线性特性,本文给出了
两级扭杆弹簧悬架的结构和布置形式。这种非线性悬架可以减少汽车转弯行驶
时的侧倾与制动时的前俯角和加速时的后仰角。为了分析扭杆弹簧悬架的力学
性能,本文运用了现代工程设计中比较常用的有限元法,采用 ANSYS 软件建
立了单级扭杆弹簧和两级扭杆弹簧的有限元模型,分别对其进行了静应力分析,
得到了扭杆弹簧在不同载荷下的应力、应变值,并运用这些数据画出了两种扭
杆弹簧的扭转刚度曲线和扭杆弹簧悬架的弹性特性曲线。从两种扭杆弹簧悬架
弹性特性曲线分析比较的结果中可以看出:两级扭杆弹簧悬架的弹性特性曲线
更接近汽车悬架的理想弹性特性曲线,这可以提高汽车行驶平顺性和操纵稳定
性。
关键词:汽车悬架,扭杆弹簧,优化设计,有限元,平顺性,CATIA,ANSYS
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两级扭杆弹簧的结构设计与有限元分析
ABSTRACT
The unit stored energy of torsion bar spring is much bigger than that of the
ponent of any other kind, and can decrease the under spring mass of
automobiles. In automotive suspension, the torsion bar spring is favor of improving
manoeuvrability and requires relative small spatial parable to other
springs. With regard to the linear characteristic of its torsional stiffness, in order to
improve further performance of torsion bar spring, this article has carried on
structural analysis and design for torsion bar spring.
Optimization design has been made on the single-stage torsion bar spring
which applies to automotive suspension in this paper, and base on Double-wishbone
independent suspension as its installation platform, conducting structural design
with utilization of CAD software CATIA on double-stage torsion bar spring. It also
has been listed three kinds of structural styles of double-stage torsion bar spring and
has analyzed their good and bad points.
The stiffness of the traditional single-stage torsion bar spring approximates to
constant. Whereas, the double stage torsion bar spring which the thesis researches
into has the non-linear ch