文档介绍：、核子及相关术语质子proton兆电子伏特megaelectron-volt(MeV)umber核子nucleon质量数massnumber核nucleus(pl.)nuclei超铀元素transuraniumelement原子atom元素周期表periodictable光子photon热中子thermalneutron正电子positron快中子fastneutron量子quantum,quanta(pl.)poundnucleus电子伏特electron-volt(eV)(U)碳化铀uraniumcarbide钚plutonium(Pu)钍thorium氘,重氢deuterium,heavyhydrogen锂lithium氚tritium锕系元素actinideelement混合氧化物燃料(MOX燃料)Mixed易裂变的fissile(UraniumandPlutonium)OXidefuel可裂变的、-2/4轻水lightwater不锈钢stainlesssteel重水heavywater控制材料controlmaterial石墨graphite通量展平flux-shaping冷却剂coolant银silver氦helium铟indium液态金属liquidmetal镉cadmium钠sodium可燃毒物burnablepoison包壳cladding硼boron铝aluminium硼酸boricacid镁magnesium锂lithium锆zirconium铍beryllium1乏燃料spentfuel不锈钢stainlesssteel因科镍,(元素)rosssection宏观截面燃料比功率fuelspecificpowerabsorbingcrosssection吸收截面倍增因子multiplicationfactorscatteringcrosssection散射截面有效增殖系数effectivemultiplicationbarn靶恩factor;effectivemultiplicationconstantdelayedneutron缓发中子无限介质增殖系数infinitemultiplicationpromptneutron瞬发中子factor;infinitemultiplicationconstantpromptcriticality瞬发临界快中子增殖系数fastfissionfactorfissile易裂变的热中子利用系数thermalutilizationfissionab可裂变的lefactormorderate/slowdown慢化不泄漏几率nonleakageprobabilitybreedingratio增殖比逃脱共振俘获几率resonanceescapeburnup燃耗probabilityreactivity反应性四因子公式four-factorformulaneutroncycle中子循环多普勒增宽Dopplerbroadeningfissionproduct裂变产物*总集成中子通量/总积分中子通量Totalcriticality临界IntegratedNeutronFlux=IntegratedFluxorFluence(注量)=NeutrondensityVelocitypromptcritical瞬发临界Time[单位:n/m3m/ss=n/m2](PWR)沸水堆BoilingWaterReactor(BWR)加拿大重水铀反应堆(坎杜堆)CANadianDeuteriumandUraniumreactor(CANDU)/pressurizedheavywaterreactor(PHWR)英国气冷堆(美诺克斯堆)Britishgas-cooledMagnoxreactor2高温气冷堆hightemperaturegas-cooledreactor(HTGR)快中子增殖反应堆fastbreederreactor(FBR)轻水堆LightWaterReactor(LWR)先进反应