文档介绍：SOSC005 Government and Politics
Lecture 2
Political Development and Change
(A) Major Events before 80s
Relative low participation before 67, due to:
lack of channels
economic hardship
refugee society
lack of identification with HK
high-handedness towards
public protests
Political Effect of 67 riots
Leftists became very unpopular.
- more +ve impression towards colonial govt.
- more -ve attitude towards Chi govt. & communism.
Welfare and labor reforms in 70s
Colonial govt. began to listen more to public opinion and more tolerant of protests in 70s— so-called consultative democracy (諮詢式民主)
Student movements and pressure group movements demanded social reforms from colonial govt. but seldom touched on issues of political reform.

Local educated youth began to e more concerned about HK.
Major political dividing line between Right (pro-KMT (國民黨) masses) & Left (P masses).
(B) Politicization & Democratization in 80s & 90s
Sino-British negotiations in 82-84 politicized HK population.
Britain began to push limited democratization with District Board(區議會) elections in 82.
Political groups began to participate in partial elections and demand democratization.
Joint Declaration:
post-97 Legco “will be constituted by elections”
CE will be selected “by consultation or elections locally”
JCPDG (民主政制促進聯委會/民促會) pushed for a directly-elected CE and a fully-elected Legco.
Chinese govt. not favor rapid democratic devt in HK. HK business sector was also largely conservative.
Drafting process of the Basic Law (85-90) was a struggle b/w several forces and arrived at a formula of quite gradual democratization. Method of election for the CE & Legco was quite weighted in favor of business & professional sectors.
The British Dimension
Before 89, British thought that Chi govt. did not agree to rapid democratization in HK.
The concept of “through train”(直通車)
Britain cooperated with China and delayed democratization in HK, not going to antagonize China over issu