文档介绍：
基于随机试算法的明渠恒定渐变流水面线
计算研究#
李娟1,冯民权1,郑邦民2**
5
10
(1. 西安理工大学陕西省西北旱区生态水利工程重点实验室,西安 710048;
2. 武汉大学水利水电学院,武汉 430072)
摘要:目的在渠道断面的断面形式、尺寸,底坡,造率,流量 Q 已知,并已知一个断面的
水深以及两断面的距离时,推求水面线。方法基于一维圣维南方程,将试算与随机游动法
相结合,通过迭代误差来判断游动产生流速的合理性,从而判断所假设的水深是否合适。结
果随机试算法与试算法中结果吻合很好,其中游动次数为 10000 次,误差为时,其
结果更加接近试算结果。结论随机试算法可以用来计算明渠恒定渐变流的水面线,并能够
消除累积误差,通过控制迭代误差和游动次数来控制所需的计算精度。
关键词:随机游动;试算;明渠;恒定渐变流;水面线
中图分类号:X522
15
Calculation and Study on the Water Surface Line of
Constant Gradient Flow of Open Channel Based on Random
Trial
Li Juan1, Feng Minquan1, Zheng Bangmin2
20
25
30
35
40
(1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Shaanxi , Xi’an University of
Technology, Xi’an 710048;
2. School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Wuhan University, WuHan 430072)
Abstract: [Purpose] On the premise of the section form, size, bottom slope, build rate, flow rate Q,
In addition, water depth of one section distance of two sections, water surface line was deduced.
[Method]Based on 2-D saint venant equations bined trial with random walk, the
rationality on flow rate produced of random walk was estimated through iteration error, so to
estimate the adequacy of supposed water depth.[Result] Random trial result fits well with trial
result[1] . Among them, the result of walk 10000 times, iteration error was more closed to
trial result.[Conclusion] Random trial can be used to calculate the water surface line of constant
gradient flow of open channel, and eliminate the cumulative error, then control the required
accuracy by controlling the iteration error and the number of walk.
Keywords: random walk; trial; open channel; constant gradient flow; water surface line
0 引言
水面线推算是河道整治,防洪减灾的基础工作,其推算结果直接影响到河道断面的规划
设计,以及河道两岸人民的生命财产安全。计算水面线的方法主要有试算法,迭代法,解析
解法以及图解法。但是传统试算法和迭代法在计算效率,控制精度和累积误差方面都有一定
的不足之处。万五一,江春波[1] 对试算法进行了改进,提出了变步长法,提高了试算法的电
算效率。霍倩,李广晶[2],采用四阶龙格—库塔法,并在计算过程中不断调整步长。与逐段
试算法相比,在计算较少断面的情况下,求出的水面线具有更高的精度。黄朝煊对圆形断面
[3]
基金项目:高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金博导类资助课题(201