文档介绍：河北大学
硕士学位论文
抗战时期老舍小说研究
姓名:魏梓轩
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中国现当代文学
指导教师:傅光明
2011-06
摘要
摘要
小说研究一直是老舍研究中的重要阵地,近年来更是呈现出包括文化学、社会学、
心理学、接受美学等多元视角的姿态。其中,把老舍置于八年抗战背景下进行研究的并
不很多,其抗战时期的小说创作,也多被作为老舍在抗战时期文学活动的一部分进行叙
述,且集中于传记类的相关内容,单项论著很少,这就造成了观照上的不全面和缺乏细
致。实际上,从抗战爆发前后作者的创作活动可以看出“抗战对老舍”和“老舍对抗战”
之间有着双向的影响,“家”“国”矛盾心理和宗教感也成为老舍抗战时期小说创作的
一个重要特色。
抗战爆发之初,老舍便以“舍予”的精神奔赴到抗日的洪流之中,并为抗战的需要
扛起了“文协”的大旗。从此,他由单纯的作家变成了抗战文艺界的一名战士,在“国
家至上”和“一切服从抗战”的价值评判标准下,他的文艺观也从“为文学”调整为“为
抗战”。在这种“抗战救国”和“舍家为国”的创作理念下,老舍抗战时期的小说呈现
出以下三方面特点:作品基调从“悲观绝望”到抗争中的“希望”,价值主题从“个体
发展”到“国家社会”,矛盾思考从“个人与社会”到“家庭与国家”。为了服从抗战
的需要,老舍曾一度放弃了小说这种艺术形式,直至 1942 年创作《不成问题的问题》
才重返小说阵地。对“国人”的精神启蒙与救赎一直是老舍小说的关注点,这在其抗战
时期的小说作品中表现为对国民性的文化批判和基督精神的感召。《四世同堂》是老舍
抗战文学的代表作,作品在思想和文化上对抗战这一特定时期具有十分突出的时代价
值,但因老舍漫画手法和因果报应原则运用上的缺乏节制、过强的救赎期待心理,以及
他战争生活经历的不足和《饥荒》的海外创作与翻译等,也使小说留下了一些缺憾与不
足。

关键词老舍抗战时期小说救国救人《四世同堂》
I
Abstract
Abstract
To study Lao She's novel has been an important frontier in his research. In recent years,
multiple exploration perspectives are presented, including culture studies, sociology,
psychology, and receptive aesthetics. Among them, the studies of Lao She placed in the
context of the eight-year Anti-Japanese War are relatively limited. A lot of novels seen as Lao
She's literary activities during the war were used as part of the narrative many times, while the
relevant content that focused on the biography and individual treatise are few, which resulted
in the pleteness in witness and lack in detail. In fact, after the outbreak of war, it could
be seen that the “war” and “Lao She” had a two-way influence from his creative activities. A
sense of dilemma and religion within the "home" and "country" had e a key feature in
Lao She's novel during the period of Anti-Japanese War.
In the beginning of the outbreak of war, Lao She devoted his career to the torrents of
Japanese resistance with the spirit of “Devotion and Sacrifice”, and took up the banner of
“Cultural Association” obeying the need