文档介绍：中文摘要人大及其常委会对一府两院的监督,是宪法和法律赋予国家权力机关的重要职权。对其进行理论探讨既有助于填补理论研究空白,也有助于对相应实践提供理论参考。本文从监督一词辨析入手,探究了监督的基本内涵。在此基础上,重点探讨了人大监督一府两院的法理基础。认为人大对一府两院监督具有正当性,其正当性体现在:监督是人民主权的体现,是防止权力滥用的客观需要,是法制的重要内容和保障;人大监督一府两院不仅有正当性,而且具有现实合理性,其合理性体现在:监督由宪法和法律规定,由人大的地位决定,有限政府、责任政府需要人大监督,而司法公正和司法的相对独立性是人大监督司法的主要理由。分析法理基础后,探析了人大监督一府两院的具体构建和运行机理,进而对人大监督一府两院的现状进行了反思,深入分析了人大监督所涉及的政府财政、政府责任和司法个案等问题,最后提出了若干完善人大对一府两院监督制度的对策和建议,对策主要有:健全人大监督机制,把监督事和监督人结合起来;明确国家权力机关的处置权;明确规范询问和质询的程序;建立信任投票制度;尽快制定和出台监督法。关键词:人大一府两院监督ABSTRACTThesuperx’isorshipthatthepeople’mitteeexercisesonthegovernment,"ofsuchsupervisionconducestosupplyingnotonlyagapoftheory"study,butalsoatheory"--·-thetheoreticalbasicsoflawofsupervisionofthepeople’Scongressonthegovernment,,whichistosay,supervisionofthepeople’Scongressisembodimentofthepeople’Sdominion,demandofpreventingpower—’Scongressonthe90、’emment,thecourtandtheprocuratorateisofbothrighmessandpracticalrationality,ofwhichthelatterembodies:supervisorshipisprescribedbytheConstitutionandLawanddecidedbythestatusofthepeople’Scongress;afiniteandresponsiblegovernmentisinneedofsupervisionbythepeople’Scongress;maintainingfairadministrationofjusticeandrelativejudicialindependenceisthemainreasonfbrthepeople’,theessayexploresintothestructttringprinciplesandrunningfundamentalsofsupervisionofthepeople’Scongressonthegovernment,,theessayreviewsthestatusquoofsuchsupervision,analysesindepthitsinvolvedissuesincludinggovernmentfinance,governmentresponsibilityandjudicialcases,andfinallyproposesseveralcountermeasuresandsuggestionstoperfectthesupervisionsystemofthepeople’【rtandtheprocuratorate