文档介绍：Differences between Chinese and English and Their Effects on C-E Translation (II):Stativity and Dynamicity The differences?Hypotaxis and parataxis ?Stativity and dynamicity?Absence of focus and presence of focus?CognitionThe tendencies in C-E translation in terms of stativity and dynamicity?Staticity?Dynamicity?Abstract ?Specificity?Relation ?Dynamization?Literalness ?FigurativenessI. 静态文化与动态文化静为先,动为后:“虚则静,静则动,动则得矣。”<<庄子>>静为体,动为用:“静即太极之体,动即太极之用.” <<朱子语类>>静为主,动为次:“静者为主,而动者为客.” <<朱文公文集>> Chinese vs. English?Noun-dominated vs. verb-dominated?Image-dependent vs. event-dependent旅夜书怀杜甫细草微风岸,危樯独夜舟。星垂平野阔,月涌大江流。名岂文章著,官应老病休。飘飘何所似,天地一沙鸥。Night Thoughts While h RexrothA light breezesrustlesthe reeds Along the river banks. The Mast of my lonely boatsoars Into the night. Stars blossom Over the vast desert of Waters. Moonlight flows on the Surging river. My poems have Made me famous but I grow Old, ill and tired, blown hither And yon; I am like a gull Lost between heaven and earth. (Rexroth, 1971:33)Traveling night write thoughts David HawkesFine grass slight wind bankTall mast lonely night boatStars hang-down level plain vastnessMoon bobs-from great-river’s flowName how literature famousOffice due-to age-sickness resignedDrifting-drifting what-am likeSky-earth one sand-gullThe static sentences in modern Chinese(A) 姥姥家门前有一棵大杨树。(B) 墙外是个足球场。(C) 桌子上放着两个茶杯。(D) 船上点了一盏灯。2. The stativity-to-dynamicity tendencies and their effects on C-E Tendency I: From stativity to dynamicity?1)鼻尖上有些细细的汗水。(阿来,2005:88)