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如何收获细胞化学能大学生物howcellsharvestchemicalenergy.ppt

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文档介绍:Cellular respiration: Aerobic harvesting of photosynthesis, which takes place in a plant cell’s chloroplasts, the energy of sunlight is used to rearrange the atoms of CO2 and H2O to produce glucose and . In cellular respiration, O2is consumed as glucose is broken down to CO2 and H2O; the cell captures the energy released in . Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria of almost all eukaryotic . The CO2 and H2O released by cellular respiration are converted through photosynthesis to glucose and O2, which are then used in respiration. How cells harvest chemical energy25. Breathing supplies O2 for use in cellular respiration and removes . Cellular respiration can produce up to 32 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule, a capture of about 34% of the energy originally stored in . The rest of the energy is released as . An important player in the process of oxidizing glucose is a coenzyme called NAD+(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which accepts electros and es reduced to . NAD+ is anic molecule that cells make from the vitamin niacin and use to shuttle electrons in redox reactions. 10. Figure shows NADH delivering these electrons to the rest of the staircase – an electron transport . The steps in the chain are electron carrier molecules, shown here as purple ovals, built into the inner membrane of a . At the bottom of the staircase is O2, the final electron . Cellular respiration consists of a sequence of steps that can be divided into three main stages and shows where they occur in a eukaryotic cell. Stage 1: Glycolysis (occur in the cytoplasmic fluid) Stage 2: Pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle (take place within the mitochondria) Stage 3: Oxidative phosphorylation (occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane) 6714. In prokaryotic cells that use aerobic respiration, th