文档介绍：第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s LawChapter 20 Gauss’s LawA statement of the relationship between electric charge and electric field. 1 Electric Flux2 Gauss’s Law3 Application of Gauss’s Law第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s LawNew Words and Expressionsflux 通量Gauss’s Law 高斯定理gaussion surface 高斯面spherical 球面的cylindrical柱面的planar平面的第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law1. Electric Flux (通量)p487-489E?electric flux—The product of electric field and area of ) The cases that planes are in the uniform and the electric field direction is perpendicular to the surfaceE?第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law2) The cases that planes are in the uniform but the area S in not perpendicular toE?The number of electric field line through both area of S and are equal, so均匀电场,与平面夹角E?第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law3) For nonuniform fields and curved surfaces we rewrite this definition of electric flux in differential form: 非均匀电场强度电通量(electric flux through a Gaussian surface)第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law规定:取闭合面外法线方向为正向。We define of S or of dS, to point outward from the enclosed ) For the surfaces which is closedFlux leaving the volume is flux entering the volume is 20 Gauss’s Law闭合曲面的电场强度通量例:如图所示,有一个三棱柱体放置在电场强度的匀强电场中. 20 Gauss’s Law解第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s LawKarl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1835), German mathematician and physicist. He made a lot of contributions in the fields of experimental physics, theoretical physics and mathematics. He made major contributions to the theory of . Gauss’ Law (P489-491)第八章静电场Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law高斯(高斯(Carl Friedrich Gauss Carl Friedrich Gauss 1777-18551777-1855))德国数学家和物理学家。德国数学家和物理学家。17771777年年44月月3030日生于德国布伦瑞克,日生于德国布伦瑞克,幼时家境贫困,聪敏异常,受一贵族幼时家境贫困,聪敏异常,受一贵族资助才进学校受教育。资助才进学校受教育。1795-17991795-1799年年在哥廷根大学学****在哥廷根大学学****17991799年获博士学年获博士学位。位。