文档介绍：万方数据万方数据万方数据上海交通大学法律硕士学位论文摘要船舶碰撞刑事责任研究摘要人为因素引发船舶碰撞的比例越来越高,造成损害越来越大,船舶碰撞已严重威胁海上运输安全和海洋环境安全。为了保护法益和预防犯罪,在船舶碰撞中引入刑法规制极其必要。从犯罪构成角度分析船舶碰撞,首先,船长、船员、引航员以及船舶所有人、承租人、管理人等海上运输当事人在刑法上都是适格主体; 其次,船舶碰撞可能侵犯不特定多数人的生命、健康或者公私财产安全, 也可能危及海洋环境安全,具有社会危害性;再次,海上运输当事人违反驾驶和航行规则、船舶管理规定以及法定义务的行为都是危害行为, 这种危害行为与危害结果之间具备刑法上的因果关系;最后,大多数船舶碰撞都属于过失碰撞,这种碰撞可能构成业务过失犯罪。适用一国刑法评价船舶碰撞,前提必须具备刑事管辖权,船旗国管辖权应是我国司法机关追究船舶碰撞责任人刑事责任的主要管辖依据。而适用我国刑法第 133 条交通肇事罪之罪名来评价海上船舶碰撞,也尚存在立案标准模糊、法益保护混同、行为定性不准确等问题。因此,我国亟需调整刑事立法,通过增设船旗国刑事管辖权、设置独立的船舶碰撞刑法罪名以及调整海上刑事案件司法管辖,解决包括船舶碰撞在内的海上交通事故犯罪法律适用问题,真正实现罪行法定。关键词: 船舶碰撞,犯罪,刑事责任,法律适用 I 万方数据上海交通大学法律硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT A STUDY ON CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN COLLISION AT SEA ABSTRACT With cases of collision caused by human factor on the rise and damage thus caused growing, collision has been a serious threat to the safety of maritime transport as well as to the ma rine environment a nd safety. In order to protect legal interest and prevent crime, the introduction of criminal regulation in collision is extremely necessary. Analysis of possible criminal offens es in a collision is carried out from the following four perspectives: first of all, the captain, crew, pilots, ship owner, charterer, manage r and other related people are the main eligible subjects in the criminal law of mar itime transport; secondly, collisions may infringe the life and health of a particul ar majority, or do harm to the public and private property, or even endanger the safety of the marine ecosystem environment and the society; thirdly, Maritime transport employees violating the rules of driving and navigation, sh ip management regul ations and other acts of legal obligations are all harm ful behaviors and there should be a II 万方数据上海交通大学法律硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT causal relationship between the conduct of such harms and harmful results in the sense of criminal law; finally, mo st collisions are due