文档介绍：外研英语八年级上第 3模块知识辅导: 1. What are you up to? 你在干什么呢? be up to 用在非正式场合中,表示“正在干,从事着? What is he up to with all those books on the floor? 这么多书在地上,他在干什么呢? ’ t panic! 别紧张。(1) panic 可以作动词,意思是“(使)恐慌” Don ’ t panic! We ’ ve got plenty of time. 不要惊慌,我们有充足的时间。(2) panic 可以作名词,意思是“恐慌,惊慌,惊恐” He got into a panic when the fire started. 一着火,他就惊慌起来。? ’ s why it is on the news. 这就是为什么新闻中有。? That ’ s why 意思是“这就是为什么……”? That ’ s why he came late yesterday. 这就是为什么他昨天迟到。?4. However, we haven ’ t found life on other s yet. 然而,我们在其他行星上还没有发现生命。? however 是副词,一般在两句之间,其后用逗号, 表示转折。? We have not won; however, we shall try again. ?我们还没有取胜, 不过我们还要再试一下。?5. The earth is a and it goes around the Sun. Eight other s also go around the Sun. ?地球是行星,它围绕着太阳转。还有 8颗行星也围绕着太阳转。?(1) 过去一直认为太阳系有九大行星:水星( Mercury ),金星(Venus) ,地球(Earth) ,火星(Mars) ,木星(Jupiter) ,天王星(Uranus) ,海王星(Neptune) ,冥王星(Pluto) 。 2006 年,科学家一致认定太阳系有八大行星:水星,金星,地球,火星,木星,天王星,海王星。即去掉原来的冥王星。?(2) 注意:数词+ other +名词的复数,而 another + 数词+名词的复数。例如: ? I have eaten 2 apples, I would like 3 other apples. 我已经吃了 2个苹果了,我想再吃 3个。? I have eaten 2 apples, I would like another 3 apples. 我已经吃了 2个苹果了,我想再吃 3个。?文章中还有一句: ? But scientist have discovered many other galaxies in the universe. 但是科学家在宇宙中已经发了很多其他的星系。?6. The stars we see at night are the suns in other solar systems. 我们在晚上看见的星星是其他太阳系中的恒星。?(1) we see 是定语,修饰 The stars 。?(2 ) sun 小写作为普通名词使用,表示“恒星”。如果大写,表示我们太阳系中的太阳。例如: ? The Sun is shining. ? 7. With so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space? 宇宙中有这么多的星,我们是孤独的吗?太空中还有其他生命吗? ? With so many stars in the universe 是介词短语,在句子中作状语,表示伴随情况。例如: ? The boy ran in, with a ball in his hand. ?小男孩手里拿着球,跑了进来。? “刚刚做完某事”、“已经做完某事”, 我们可以用现在完成时。 just 用来表示“刚刚”, already 用来表示“已经”,一般置于 have/ has 之后,两者都用于肯定句,在否定句中则要用 yet ,表示“还(未) ”。例如: ? I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。? They have already been to the USA. 他们已经去过美国了。? I haven ’ t heard from Tom yet. 我还没有收到汤姆的来信。?9. Have been to 表示“去过某地,但现在已经回来了”; have gone to 表示“去了某地, 现在不在说