文档介绍：摘要
转速是电机极为重要的一个状态参数,它的测量精度将直接影响电动机其它有关参数和特性的测试以及故障检测与诊断的准确性;在速度闭环控制系统中,测试装置属于反馈环节,转速检测的宽素性和精度将直接影响系统的控制效果和动静态性能,因此转速的高精度测试具有重要的意义。
本论文要设计一个用光电转换方式来测量电动机的转速系统,并做出相应的仿真分析,测速对象为一台额定电压为5V的直流电动机,基本要求是电机转速范围为600~6000r/min,测量的相对误差不大于1%,且用4位七段数码管显示相应的电动机转速。
为了知道电机的实际转速,需要实时监测电机轴的转速,方法是电机的轴上连接一个开孔圆盘,通过光电开关将转速换为电脉冲信号,通过计数等电路,测量出电机的实际转速。它涉及到光电转换,整形,倍频,计数,译码。显示。以及计数显示之间的时序关系的控制等多种电路。
论文所设计的系统用到的器件都是本专业电路中常见的器件,价格便宜,且起结构简单,原理易于掌握,但却能较精确测得电机的转速。
关键词:转速测量;光电转换;倍频;锁相环;施密特触发器;
Abstract
Rotational speed is a very important state parameter of electric measurement precision will directly affect the test of other relevant parameters and characteristics of electric motors and the test ofdetection and diagnosis of speed loop control sustem,the velocity measurement devices are feedback speediness and precision off the velocity measurement will directly affect of the system and static and dynamic state features. Therefore the high-precision tests of rotational speed are significance.
This thesis wants to design a system of photovoltaic conversion to measure the rotational speed of electric motors, and make the corresponding simulation analysis. The object to measure is a direct current generator whose rated voltage is 5V and speed scope is 600~6000r/min. The relative error of measurement is not more than 1% and use four seven segment numeric displayto show corresponding electric motors rotational speed.
To know the actual electrical rotational speed, we need real-timemonitoring the rotational speed of the motor’s axis. By connecting the axis adish with holes, rotational speed will be changed to electricity pulse signalthrough PV switches. Through counting and other circuits, the actual rotationalspeed of motor will be known.
The devices used by the designed system are familiar and the system’s structure is simple and principle is easytounderstand,It can accurately detect the motor’s speed.
Key words: Rotational Speed Measuring; Photo