文档介绍:第十七章寡头Oligopoly1不完全竞争petition不完全竞争包括这样的产业:企业面临竞争,petition自来水Tapwater有线电视CableTV网球Tennisballs原油Crudeoil小说Novels电影Movies小麦Wheat牛奶Milk企业数量NumberofFirms?产品类型TypeofProducts?许多Manyfirms一家Onefirm几家Fewfirms有差别产品DifferentiatedproductsI相同产品denticalproducts5只有少数几个卖者的市场MarketsWithOnlyaFewSellers由于只有少数几个卖者,寡头市场的关键特征是合作与利己之间的冲突Becauseofthefewsellers,thekeyfeatureofoligopolyisthetensionbetweencooperationandself- Fewsellersofferingsimilaroridenticalproducts相互关联的企业 Interdependentfirms最好是合作,象垄断那样生产少量产品并把价格定在边际成本之上 Bestoffcooperatingandactinglikeamonopolistbyproducingasmallquantityofoutputandchargingapriceabovemarginalcost7双头的例子ADuopolyExample双头是只有两个卖者的寡头。:水的需求表ADuopolyExample:DemandScheduleforWater9双头的例子:价格和供给量ADuopolyExample:PriceandQuantitySupplied在完全竞争的市场中,petitivemarketwouldbedriventowherethemarginalcostiszero:P=MC=$0Q=120gallons在垄断的市场中,价格和数量使垄断者的总利润最大化Thepriceandquantityinamonopolymarketwouldbewheretotalprofitismaximized:P=$60Q=60gallons10