文档介绍：首都经济贸易大学
硕士学位论文
日本护理保险的发展及对我国的启示
姓名:陆宏筝
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:社会保障学
指导教师:吕学静
20080410
论文提要

2000 年随着我国 60 岁以上的老年人占总人口的 %,宣告我国已经进入了人口
老龄化社会。人口老龄化带来了很多的社会问题,比如医疗、养老、护理等等。我国已
经建立起一整套包括老年人的养老、医疗保险制度等为核心的较完善的老年人保障体
系。但近几年随着社会经济的发展,家庭结构、人口结构和社会观念的变化,我国的老
年人的护理问题日益成为影响社会和谐进步的关键因素。我国和日本在很多方面有相似
之处,比如人口结构、人口变化状况、家庭结构变化、社会文化等。所以研究日本的护
理保险对我国老年人护理问题的解决有很大的意义。对于现今日本护理保险状况的研
究,可以更加清楚的了解我国是否适合这样一种最为年轻的社会保险险种,给我们带来
了很多值得借鉴的护理保障服务经验。
本文主要采用文献研究的方法,比较详尽的收集了日本护理保险的背景、制度、
以及实施效果、实施后存在的问题等材料,并对相关的日本厚生劳动省的资料进行了翻
译。通过对中日两国的人口、经济、文化状况的对比,分析在我国现状下施行护理保险
的可行性。笔者认为第一,我国的现有状况,还不足以承受一个新的险种的出现。第二,
建立以“保障低收入阶层,服务大多数老年人、分地区因地制宜的进行制度推进、充
分保障”为原则,政府主导的护理保障体系。

主题词:日本护理保险护理保障制度
Abstract

In our country, the aged population older than 60 had been more than 11 percent in total
population by 2000, and it means our society has been an elderly population society. Elderly
population brings lots of society problems, such as health, aged supporting, and nursing.
There have been a series of aged security systems in our country, including pension and health
insurance systems. With the development of society economy and the change of population
structure, the aged caring has been an urgent problem. There is much experience we can learn
from Japan for it is similar to China in population structure, family structure and cultures.
Through studying Japanese nursing insurance system, we can select and develop a security
pattern that suits our country.
This article introduces the background and structure of Japanese nursing insurance system,
and discusses the effects and problems made by this system. It also includes some Japanese
materials translated by writer. paring China and Japan in populations, economy and
cultures, this paper analyzes the possibility of the existence of Chinese nursing insurance
system, and concludes that we should establish a nursing security system conducted by
government, taking “securing low-e people, servicing most aged peo