文档介绍：湘潭大学
硕士学位论文
《汉书》单音节动词同义词研究
姓名:李湘
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:汉语言文字学
指导教师:马固钢
20060501
摘要

《汉书》是我国第一部纪传体的断代史。历经班彪、班固、班昭、马续而成书,洋
洋洒洒,文采风流,记事准确,不偏不向,与《史记》、《后汉书》、《三国志》并称前四
史,历来为史家所推崇。中国五千年文化的接续性就体现在有一部贯穿的二十四史,而
列朝正史都仿《汉书》体例,可见《汉书》之重。数不淸的典故出于其中,学术文章层
出不穷⋯⋯不读《汉书》,不知《汉书》的魅力。《汉书》在文学上产生了深远影响。它
的文字典雅富丽、规范整饬,是研究汉代语言的重要史料,可以找出当时语言的某些特
征,对认识汉代语言的原貌,探求语言的发展规律会有很大帮助。选择《汉书》作为研
究对象,也正是认识到了它在汉代语言研究中的地位。我们在对《汉书》认真阅读的基
础上,严格以《汉书》原文为依据,坚持确定同义关系时要求词语有一个义位相同,并
以相关注疏,主要是颜师古注,以及小学专书,如《说文》四种、《尔雅》、《玉篇》等
进行参照验证。本文对《汉书》单音节动词同义词研究主要是从“求同”和“存异”方
面分析。“求同”是对《汉书》单音节动词同义词进行归类;“辨异”是对同义词的不同
之处进行分析。本文采纳了现代语义学、语法学和语用学理论,从三个层面即语义层面、
语法层面、语用层面来对《汉书》单音节动词同义词进行分析。
通过对《汉书》单音节动词同义词的研究,希望能够在丰富《汉书》研究资料方面
有所贡献,同时能加深对古汉语同义词的认识。

关键词:汉书;单音节动词;同义词;语义;语法;语用;修辞

I
ABSTRACT

HanShu is the first dynastic history in biography system of China. It includes BanBiao,
BanGu, BanZhao and MaXu and es a book in which all the events recorded are so
accurate, fluent. This book is always praised by the historian as the firest Four historian
character with ShiJi,HouHanShu,SanGuoZhi. The continuity of China 5,000 years culture is
just reflected by the rating Twenty-Four Histories. Later dynasty history all imitate
HanShu’s style which can show the importance of HanShu, in which many allusions are
started from and many academic article emerges. HanShu is a book that can’t be missed to
read, if you don’t read it you should not understand the glamour of it. However, HanShu has
exerted a far-reaching influence in literature. Its characters are refined and rich and the
norm is is the important historical material for studying the original language of
Han Dynasty and it will be great helpful for finding out some characteristics of the language
at that time, for understanding the original appearance of the language of Han Dynasty, for
seeking the rule of development of the language. Choosing HanShu as research object, I
exactly realize that its