文档介绍：地铁站台层不同楼梯结构对排烟模式的
影响研究

南京工业大学暖通空调研究所,阎丽萍[1] 江苏南京 210009;
摘要:由于地铁站台层空间狭小,故其建筑结构形式如楼梯的位置设置及开口朝向方式对火灾烟气的流动会产生较大的影响。采用CFD方法,对采用不同楼梯结构的站台层内车厢中央位置着火时的烟气扩散进行数值模拟,比较楼梯结构对防排烟模式的影响。结果表明:挡烟垂壁和楼梯口向下气流使得火灾时防烟分区效果较为明显,对烟气在整个站台层内的扩散起到了很好的阻碍作用;采用轨顶垂直排烟时,能及时有效的排出大量烟气,而采用两端水平排烟时,排出烟气中混有大量空气,大大降低了排烟效率;楼梯呈“”分布,且采用轨顶垂直排烟模式对站台层内火灾烟气的扩散起到了很好的控制效果,对人员安全疏散较为有利。
关键词:地铁站;火灾;烟气控制;结构
Research of Smoke Control Model of Different Structures in Subway Station Fire
YAN Liping[1]
(1. Nangjing University of Technology, Nangjing Jiangsu 210009)
Abstract: The platform layer of the subway station was a confined space, so the different structures, such as the location and structure of stairs, have a vital influence in the subway station fires. In this paper, the fire was located on the carriages of the train on platform layer to simulate the smoke diffusion by CFD, the effects of different structure on different smoke control models had pared. And the results indicated that the hang wall and the down air flow can block the smoke in the smoke-preventing subarea near fire source, the vertical smoke-exhausting model is more efficient than the transverse model which exhausted the smoke and the air at the same time. Comparing the results, the stairs of vertical smoke-exhausting model as ”” setting was most advantageous.
Keywords: subway station, fire, smoke control, structure
1 引言
在地铁运营过程中,火灾是一个不容忽视的问题。地铁属