文档介绍：桂林工学院
GUILIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
本科毕业设计
英文翻译
系(院):土木工程
专业方向:
班级:
学号:
姓名:
指导教师:
日期:
Civil Engineering
Civil engineering is the planning, design, construction, and management of the built environment. This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles, from irrigation and drainage systems to rocket launching facilities.
Civil engineers build roads, bridges, tunnels, dams, harbors, power plants, water and sewage systems, hospitals, schools, mass transit, and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations. They also build privately owned facilities such as airport, railroads, pipelines, skyscrapers, and other large structures designed for industrial, commercial, or residential use. In addition, civil engineers plan, design, and plete cities and towns, and more recently have been planning and designing space platforms to self-munities.
The word civil derives from the Latin for citizen. In 1782, Englishman John Seaton used the term to differentiate his nonmilitary engineering work from that of the military engineers who predominated at the time. Since then, the term civil engineer has often been used to refer to engineers who build public facilities, although the field is much broader.
Scope Because it is so broad, civil engineering is subdivided into a number of technical specialties. Depen