文档介绍：华中科技大学硕士学位论文 I 摘要新闻是人们了解和认识新近发生的事情的最佳途径之一,是信息社会中获得信息资源的主要方式。在我国,新闻媒体是党和国家的喉舌,为宣传思想和促进政治、经济、文化各项建设发挥了重要的作用。近年来,随着新闻活动的不断发展,公众权利意识的不断增强,新闻侵害名誉权纠纷的案件时有发生。新闻自由是新闻媒体进行传播活动的基础,新闻对于社会生活和公共事务的报道和评论,批评与监督不可避免的会和公民、法人的私权领域发生冲突。这种冲突在司法实践中最突出的表现就是新闻侵害名誉权等人格权的案件。对于此类纠纷的解决和案件的审判,刚生效不久的《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》并没有相关规定,我国也没有“新闻法”等类似法律,只是在最高人民法院的司法解释中对新闻侵害名誉权、隐私权等人格权的案件的审理有原则性规定。司法实践中作为被告的新闻媒体提出的多种抗辩事由因为没有相关法律、法规、司法解释明确规定而经常难以得到法院的采信,使得新闻媒体常常处于被动地位,动辄得咎。因此明确和完善新闻侵害名誉权的抗辩事由是确保新闻媒体正常履行职责、发挥积极作用的有力保障。本文从考察我国立法上对新闻侵害名誉权抗辩事由的有关规定入手,对现行立法和司法实践中的不足和突出问题进行分析, 参考相关学者的统计研究,梳理司法实践中新闻媒体提出的抗辩事由,并通过比较法上的观察对英美法系和大陆法系有关国家相关法律制度的借鉴,提出明确和完善新闻侵害名誉权抗辩事由的若干建议, 在新闻自由和私权保护之间,寻找两个利益之间的最佳平衡点,在保护民事主体私权的前提下,更好的发挥新闻媒体应有的职能和作用,推进社会的文明进步。关键词: 名誉权新闻自由侵害名誉权抗辩事由华中科技大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract News is one of the best ways to know and understand what happened recently, and it is the main way to get the information resour ces in the information society. In China, Media is the mouthpiece of munism Party and the government, which makes great contribution to promote ideas and construction of politics, economics and culture. In recent years, with the continuous developm ent of information activities, people’s awareness of public rights are growing, the cases against the reputation right by press occurred from time to time. The freedom of media is the basis of media’s spreading activities. The media’s covera ge, comment, criticism and supervision on public affairs and social life inevitably result in conflicts agains t people’s private right. The most outstanding performance of this conflict is the cases of defamation cases such as media against reputation right. For this kind of disputes resolution and trail of cases, the “People’s Republic of Tort Liability Law” does not have relevant regulations. China does not have relevant laws as “Media Law”, but the Suprem e Court’s judicial inte rpretations have some basic regulation on personality rights, such as defamation cases and private right cases. In judicial practice