文档介绍：7th Saudi Engineering
Conference
“Conventional and Unconventional
Methods to Enhance Oil Recovery”
28-Sep-08
Outlines
• Introduction
• Stages of Oil Field Development
• Primary Recovery
• Secondary Recovery
• Tertiary Recovery
• Evaluation of Conventional Oil Recovery
• Enhanced Oil Recovery
• Recovery mechanisms
• EOR Classification
• Selection Criteria
• Applications
• Conclusion
28-Sep-08
Introduction
General Aspects
Potential additions to HC e from
two sources
– New discoveries, and
– Existing fields
The ratio of discovery rate to consuming rate is one to
four barrel of conventional oil, thus, the gap between
discovery and consumption is big and may grow.
Therefore, we should focus on the existing wells,
including stripper wells.
28-Sep-08
Introduction Stages of Oil …
Stages of Oil Field Development
• Primary Recovery: Oil is produced using the natural
energy inherent in the reservoir
• Secondary Recovery: Oil is produced by pumping a
fluid into the reservoir, either to maintain reservoir
pressure or to displace the oil directly
• Tertiary Recovery: It refers to reservoir processes that
recover oil not produced by secondary processes
28-Sep-08
Introduction Stages of Oil …
Statistics
• The average primary recovery rate is around
10 - 15 % of the original oil in place, depending
on the oil and rock properties as well as drive
mechanism
• The ultimate recovery factor can be increased
to around 40 % by employing the secondary
recovery method
Therefore, oil left in the reservoir after the
primary and secondary methods is the potential
target of the enhanced oil recovery methods
(EOR-methods)
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EOR Oil Production Worldwide
United States
World
EOR, Percentage of Percentage EOR, Produced Oil Total
Source: EIA & OGJ 2004
28-Sep-08
Evaluation of Conventional Oil Recovery
28-Sep-08
Introduction Stages of Oil … Evaluation of …