文档介绍：WAR AND PEACE
by Leo Tolstoy
作者简介
列夫·托尔斯泰( ),托尔斯泰生于
俄国图拉省亚斯纳亚波利亚纳一个拥有土地的贵族家庭。早年父母双
亡,由亲戚抚养***。初在家庭教师指导下学****岁入喀山大学攻
读法律和东方语言。因不满意该校教规,于年未获学位而返,经
营亚斯纳亚波利亚纳的田产。年因厌倦自身的现状而伴随正在军
队服役的哥哥尼古拉一道前往高加索,翌年就地加入炮兵部队并开始
文学生涯。继《昨天的回忆》()之后发表自传体三部曲;《童
年》()、《少年》()和《青年时代》()。
克里米亚战争( )爆发后,托尔斯泰奉命指挥一个炮
兵中队参加塞***托波尔保卫战( )。战后凭借对战争的恐
惧所激发的灵感写出《塞***托波尔传奇故事》()。
经过年苦心孤诣从事文学耕耘,推出了被普遍视为有史以来最
伟大小说的《战争与和平》( )。这是一部叙事体小说,故
事情节循着饱受拿破仑入侵俄国之苦的个家庭的观点和命运而展
开,并反映了托尔斯泰自身的双重性格。小说对军旅生活有生动的描
写,他将战斗的胜利归因于各种偶然性事件,而这些偶然性事件构成
战争之难以预料的命运。托尔斯泰创作的另一部俄国文学杰作《安
娜·卡列尼娜》( )是一曲悲剧,具有深刻的社会含义,讲
述的是一位已婚妇女以移情别恋的热情与社会对抗的故事。《安娜·
卡列尼娜》反映且预示了其作者本身的一场道德与精神危机。这种危
机在年初露端倪,在《忏悔》( )和《我的信仰》(写
于年,年遭禁)等作品中达到顶点。托尔斯泰后期作品包括
大量短篇小说、长篇小说《复活》和悲剧性短篇小说《哈吉穆拉
特》。
WAR AND PEACE 1
BOOK ONE: 1805
CHAPTER I
“Well, Prince, so Genoa and a are now just family estates of the
Buonapartes. But I warn you, if you don’t tell me that this means war, if you
still try to defend the infamies and horrors perpetrated by that Antichrist-I
really believe he is Antichrist-I will have nothing more to do with you and
you are no longer my friend, no longer my ‘faithful slave,’ as you call your-
self! But how do you do? I see I have frightened you-sit down and tell me
all the news.”
It was in July, 1805, and the speaker was the well-known Anna Pavlovna
Scherer, maid of honor and favorite of the Empress Marya Fedorovna. With
these words she greeted Prince Vasili Kuragin, a man of high rank and
importance, who was the first to arrive at her reception. Anna Pavlovna had
had a cough for some days. She was, as she said, suffering from la grippe;
grippe being then a new word in St. Petersburg, used only by the elite.
All her invitations without exception, written in French, and delivered by a
scarlet-liveried footman that morning, ran as follows:
“If you have nothing better to do, Count [or Prince], and if the prospect of
spending an evening with a poor invalid is not too terrible, I shall be very
charmed to see you tonight between 7