文档介绍：遗传因子的发现第1、2节孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验一、相对性状性状:_______________________________________________相对性状:___________________________________________1、显性性状与隐性性状显性性状:______________________________________________隐性性状:______________________________________________性状分离:______________________________________________2、显性基因与隐性基因显性基因:______________________________________________隐性基因:______________________________________________基因:控制性状的遗传因子等位基因:______________________________________________3、纯合子与杂合子纯合子:______________________________________________显性纯合子:______________________________________________隐性纯合子:______________________________________________杂合子:______________________________________________4、表现型与基因型表现型:______________________________________________基因型:______________________________________________(关系:基因型+____→表现型)5、杂交与自交杂交:______________________________________________自交:______________________________________________测交:______________________________________________二、孟德尔实验成功的原因:(1)正确选用实验材料:㈠豌豆是严格____植物(闭花授粉),自然状态下一般是____,具有易于区分的性状(2)由____相对性状到_____相对性状的研究(从简单到复杂)(3)对实验结果进行________分析(4)严谨的科学设计实验程序:_______________三、孟德尔豌豆杂交实验(一)一对相对性状的杂交:(写出基因型和表现型)P:_________×________↓F1:____________↓_______F2:_______________3:1基因分离定律的实质:______________________________________________(二)两对相对性状的杂交:P: _______×_______ ↓F1: _______ ↓_______F2:____________________________9:3:3:1在F2代中:4种表现型:两种亲本型:黄圆______绿皱______ 两种重组型:黄皱__