文档介绍：【冲击2010年中考英语精品复****资料】语法基础四
非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)
爬山是一项好运动。
Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用)
你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗?
He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用)
他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。
谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:
3) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English.
玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)
came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.
维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)
4) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Larke likes the pop music.
拉克喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用单数第三人称形式)
Larke has nothing to do today.
拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)
非谓语动词的特征:
3 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.
学****英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)
To help him is my duty.
帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)
4 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible.
在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。
(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)
It's too difficult for him to master
English in such a short time.
他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。
(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)
5 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
对不起让你久等了。
(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)
Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
从山上看