文档介绍：补语补语状语状语定语定语表语表语宾语宾语主语主语 分词 分词动词不定动词不定式式动名词动名词动词不定式的基本形式完成进行式完成进行式进行式进行式完成式完成式一般式一般式被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态 to do to do to be done to be done to have to have done done to have to have been done been done to be doing to be doing \ \ to have to have been doing been doing \ \ 分词的基本形式被动语态被动语态完成式完成式主动语态主动语态一般式一般式过去分词过去分词现现在在分分词词 doing doing being done being done having done having done having been having been done done \ \ done done 作主语: To obey law is everyone ’ s duty. To do such things is foolish. 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数,为了平衡句子, 通常用 it作形式主语,构成句型: It’ s +n.(adj.)+ for(of) sb. +to do sth. To find out who stole the money is not easy. It’ s not easy (for you )to find out who stole the money. 如果要表示不定式动作的执行者,要在不定式短语前加上一个 for sb. 的短语,语法上称为不定式的复合结构. It is useful for you to learn some spoken English. It is very kind of you e here. It is foolish of him to do such a thing. It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation. 在某些形容词如 clever, good ,nice , kind ,foolish, careless, right, wrong, rude, impolite 等词之后的不定式前,常加 of短语,这是对人做某事的赞扬,责备或感激等。动词不定式(短语)做主语时,可用 it做形式主语,通常是一些特定的形容词,动词和名词. 1) 1) adj. adj. adj. adj. 有有 important, difficult, important, difficult, easy, hard, possible, impossible easy, hard, possible, impossible 等等 Eg Eg . It is impossible to do it well. . It is impossible to do it well. It It’’ s easy to get the work finished before five. s easy to get the work finished before five. 2) 2) V. v. take, require, need, take, require, need, cost, amuse, delight, irritate( cost, amuse, delight, irritate( 激怒激怒), ), annoy( annoy( 打扰,扰乱打扰,扰乱) ) Eg Eg . It took us three hours to finish the work. . It took us three hours to finish the work. It requires another three persons to do the It requires another three persons to do the work. work. 3) n. 3) n. 做表语. 做表语. Eg Eg . It . It ’’ s a great s a great pleasure pleasure to help you. to help you. It It’’ s an s an honour honour to be invited to you birthday party. to be invited to