文档介绍：商务英语翻译 College Business English A Course for Translation 什么是翻译? 什么是翻译? ?鲁迅:翻译是普罗米修斯,传播真理。?法国人: 翻译是把跟自己心爱的女人相像的女人介绍给别人。翻译是一种不忠的美人。?“信言不美,美言不信”。(老子) ?歌德: 翻译就是起到一个媒婆的作用。有的媒婆能够促成好姻缘,但也有一些媒婆,为了赚钱,为了某种商业的利益,撮合的是不美满的婚姻。?关于翻译的几种定义? Translation is a process through which information expressed in the source( or: original) language is conveyed in the target language (a process through which information is conveyed from the source language to the target language). It is a communication crossing different languages, different cultures and different societies. ?翻译是一门艺术.(Translation is a fine art.)---- 林语堂《翻译论》?翻译是一门科学. ---- 董秋斯? Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.---- ? ? The history of a tree from the time it starts in the forest until the boards which it yields are used, would form an interesting and, in many instances, an exciting story. ?树的历史开始于森林中,直到生产为木板后被使用为止,成为一个有趣且有许多事例的激动人心的故事。?上面这句话的原文实际上主要说了两点内容: ?1、树的历史的起迄时间?2、树的历史是怎样一回事?一棵树,从它在森林中生长起直到被制成木板使用为止,这段历史会构成一个饶有趣味的故事,在很多情况下这个故事十分激动人心。? I can see three different types posers in musical history, each of whom creates music in a somewhat different fashion. ?我能看到音乐史上有三种不同的作曲家,他们中每一个人以某种不同的方式创作音乐。?(简单语句的译文虽然生硬,但基本可读。) ?我发现音乐史上有三类作曲家,他们各自的音乐创作方式有所不同。?翻译不是一种语言中的词语和语句结构到另一种语言的词语和语句结构的简单转换,也不是在另一种语言中寻找与一种语言中对等的词语和语句结构然后将其串接成句的过程。在英汉翻译中,如果把眼光盯着原文的词语和语句结构这些属于语言层次的东西,结果翻译出来的只是一种文字层次的转换,徒具其形,原文的内容和意义不可能得到很好的表达。翻译必须跳出原文语言层面的束缚, 必须着眼于传达原文的内容和意义。 English and Chinese: the Train and the Fan ? English: a train with engine and carriages, closely and clearly linked by markers and logic in a straight line. ? Chinese: A fan with spokes linked to a central idea, and to each other horizontally, with implied logical links, few grammatical markers, looser syntactic structure and order. 翻译的分类 The classification of translation : 语内翻译( intralingual translation) :同一种语言