文档介绍:写作常见20个语法错误
1. 冠词使用错误
不可数名词通常不加冠词,可数名词通常来说要么是复数,要么一定加冠词(a, an, the),但有些泛指情况也能够不加冠词。
如:Man is mortal. 人固有一死。(这句话中man就是泛指人类)
定冠词the使用要小心,注意是泛指还是特指,特指才用the,假如前文出现过,再次出现也用the。
Pollution is the biggest problem of the cities. 此处cities是泛指城市,而不是特定多个城市,所以应去掉cities前面the。
2.名词可数和不可数误用
注意名词可数和不可数性,需要平时经过多写多练来积累。 比如
In modern society, people are under various pressures.
这里pressure是不可数名词,不能加复数,能够经过前面加kind复数来表示多个压力。
更正为:In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure.
3.动词及物和不及物误用
及物动词后面必需要跟宾语,不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语,需要经过介词。
比如:
(1)The high way happens a car accident.
(2)A car accident is happened on the high way.
Happen为不及物动词,以上两个句子全部是不正确,第一句错在直接跟了宾语,第二句错在用了被动语态。
能够更正为:A car accident happens/happened on the high way.
需要强调是,不及物动词不能使用被动语态。比如:
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways.
这句话是错误,因为take place是不及物动词词组,所以不能使用被动语态。
需要改为主动时态,以下:
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways.
4. 代词使用混乱(指代不清)
很多考生习惯性地使用代词来指代前文提到人或事物,不过往往会出现指代不清楚造成语义不通。如:
Lynn and her husband bought a house in nearby Grey Street at a very low price. It was cheap partly because it was falling down.
这里it就指代不清楚,让人分不清造成是指上文房子还是街道,所以要使用the house指代上文那个house,第二个it能够保留。
5. be动词乱用
因考生会下意识地将汉字一字一句对应翻译成英文,所以常常会出现下面情况。“她们是要去…
她是在考虑... 她们有些人是在努力去…”就翻译成了:“They are want to …, He is consider …, Some of them are make great efforts to …”
想当然地认为只要自己汉字有个“是”就在动词前面加个be,这种想法是不可取,要梳理出真正句意,be动词和动词原形只能保留一个,上面多个错误句子全部要把be动词去掉,同时注意后面动词原形是否要有时态或单复数改变。另外,这里很明确地告诉各位——be 动词以后只能跟动词现在分词/过去分词!
如:
He is thinking about …
Measures are taken…
6. 介词后直接加动词原形
介词以后要接名词(或名词性词、短语和句子),不能是动词原形也极少能直接加句子。注意:to do不定式中to不是介词,只是不定式符号,没有词义。
如:
The purpose of this picture is to remind us of the problem of refuse to look after the old.
此句中第二个of 是介词,所以refuse 应该变为 refusing,这么句子才正确。
The purpose of this picture is to remind us of the problem of people refuse to look after the old.
介词以后极少能直接带从句,只有部分特殊情况。假如一定要写句子,在of 后面加个 the fact that再引导从句即可。
7. 词性误用,尤其是