文档介绍：Automobile Professional English
汽车专业英语
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Vocabulary Study
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Translation Skills
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Exercises
Chapter One Engine
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Unit 1
Engine Mechanical
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Unit 2
EFI System
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Unit 3
Engine Cooling and Lubrication
System
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Unit 4
Engine Ignition, Starting and
Charging System
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Unit 5
Engine Diagnosis System
Unit 1
Engine Mechanical
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1. Cylinder Block
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The
engine block
is the main supporting
structure to which all other engine parts are
attached. Fig. 1-1-1 shows a
cylinder
block.
It has two main sections: the cylinder
section and the
crankcase
section. The
crankcase section is used to
house
the
crankshaft
,
oil
pan.
Cooling passageways are
built within the block. These passageways,
also known as
water sockets
, surround the
cylinders. They allow
coolant
to circulate
throughout the cylinder area to keep the
engine cool. There is also a drilled
passageway within some blocks for the
camshaft
. Many oil holes are drilled
internally
so that engine parts can be
adequately
lubricated
.
engine
发动机
block
气缸体
cylinder
气缸
crankcase
曲轴箱
house
安装
crankshaft
曲轴
camshaft
凸轮轴
coolant
冷却液
oil pan
机油盘
water socket
水套
internally
内部地
adequately
充分地
lubricate
润滑
Four-Cylinder Engine Cylinder Block
(
四缸发动机气缸体
)
Fig. 1-1-1
1-
cylinder block
(
气缸体
)
2-
cylinder
(
气缸
)
3-
crankcase area
（曲轴箱部分）
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2. Cylinder Liners
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The purpose of using a
liner
is that, if
the cylinder is damaged, the liner can be
remove
d and
replace
d rather easily. There
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are two types of sleeves
－
wet and dry.
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Seal
s must be used on the top and bottom
of the wet sleeve in order to keep the
coolant from
leak
ing out of the cooling
system.
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3. Cylinder Head
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The Cylinder head is used to hold the
valve
s, and it has
port
s to allow air,
fuel and
exhaust
to move through the
engine.
In addition
, it has coolant
passages. -1-2 shows a cylinder head.
After the cylinder head