文档介绍：体格检查 (二）
1
医学PPT
Inspection： 腹纹： abdominal striae 外形： contour 膨胀： distension 平坦的： flat 腹胀不对称： asymmetrical distension 蛙腹： frog belly 腹部普遍膨隆（凹陷）： general prominenoe (retraction) of the abdomen
五、腹部 Abdomen
2
医学PPT
Inspection： 腹围增大： increased abdominal girth 肠型： intestinal pattern (or contour) 阶梯样蠕动波： peristaltic wave in ladder pattern 脐膨出： projection of the umbilicus 膨隆的： protuberant 舟状腹： scaphoid abdomen 妊娠纹： striae gravidarum striae of pregnancy 静脉曲张： varicose veins; dilated tortuous veins；varicoaty 可见胃蠕动： visible gastric peristalsis
3
医学PPT
Inspection： 1. Inspection reveals visible peristaltic waves passing from left to right across the upper abdomen. 2. Findings on inspection are a distended abdomen covered by tense, shiny skin. 3. ln the upper abdomen, dilated tortuous veins are seen in which the blood flows upwards,
4
医学PPT
Palpation： 板样强直: board-like rigidity 肝脾肿大： hepatosplenomegaly 肝肿大： hepatomegaly； enlargement of the liver 腹壁松弛： lax abdominal wall 墨菲(氏)征： Murphy‘s sign 肌卫： muscle guarding 反跳痛： rebound tenderness 强直： rigidity 脾肿大： splenomegaly; enlargement of the spleen 压痛： tenderness
5
医学PPT
Palpation： 1. Rebound tenderness and board-like rigidity of the abdominal musculature are present in all abdomen 2. The patient has a palpable loop of thickened bowel in the left lower quadrant 3. A firm tumor mass, about 3 cm in diameter, is felt 4 centimeters below the costal margin at the external margin of the right rectus muscle
6
医学PPT
Percussion： 浊音： dullness 移动性浊音: shifting dullness 鼓音： tyrnpanitic resonance； 1. Percussion of the abdomen demonstrates tympany throughout 2. There is no shifting dullness 3. On percussion there is dullness in the flanks and tympanitic in the middle
7
医学PPT
Auscultation： 浊音： dullness 肠鸣： Borborygmi 击水声： splashes 肠鸣音： bowel sounds peristaltic sounds 气过水声： gurgling；borborygmus of bubbling quality 振水声：