文档介绍：初中时态讲解
现在完成时
复****目录
现在完成时态的概念
现在完成时态的结构
现在完成时态的否定，疑问形式
现在完成时态的用法
现在完成时态与一般过去式的比较
现在完成时态练****br/>
1）表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；I have read the book.
2） 表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
. He has learned English since 2001.
past
now
future
现在完成时
一般过去式
现在进行时
一般将来时
你会自己造句吗？
现在完成时的构成：
Have/has + done
助动词
过去分词
主语+ have/has +过去分词+宾语+状语
Have:第一、二/ 复数
Has: 第三人称单数
规则动词：
不规则动词
规则动词
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived
(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
重点1：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词
Work ______ ______
Live ______ ______
Stay ______ ______
Stop ______ ______
Clean ______ ______
Study ______ ______
worked worked
lived lived
stayed stayed
stopped stopped
cleaned cleaned
studied studied
不规则动词
AAA型 cost cost cost ；cut cut cut
AAB型 beat beat beaten
ABA型 ①run ran run；
②come came come
③become became become
ABB型 buy bought bought；build built built
ABC型 begin began begun；
choose chose chosen
现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词have或has后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
否定句
疑问句
I have not (haven’t) studied….
Have I studied…?
You have not (haven’t) studied….
Have you studied…?
He has not (hasn’t) studied….
Has he studied…?
例题Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have been to Shanghai before. (改为否定句) 
I _________ _________ been to Shanghai before.
2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ he come to school?
have
not
Why
doesn’t
重点2：现在完成时态的否定与疑问
比较have been to/in和have gone to
He has gone to Shanghai.
他(已经)去上海了。
He has been to Shanghai.
他(曾经) 去过上海。