文档介绍：过去分词 v-ed
不定式 to + v
动词的v-ing
非谓语动词
表将来，主动。
表进行，主动
表完成，被动
不定式的被动式在表示被动的同时还兼表示未来。
现在分词的完成式也表示完成，尤其是表示有明显先后时间关系的完成。
现在分词的被动式在表示被动的同时还将表示进行。
使用条件
一个句子已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.
非谓语动词的
找谓语动词和非谓语动词
Tom returned home, telling me the truth.
2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters.
3. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.
4. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.
5. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗争。)
I woke up in the morning, to find the outside world greatly changed.
She fell off the bike, breaking her left leg.
2. 时态和语态(以do为例)
考点1：现在分词表主动，表进行；
过去分词表被动，表完成；
不定式表目的，表将来未完成；
1. （make）this cake， you’ll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.
To make
2. I write to the editor , ________him to help me．（wishing）
secretary worked late into night ,
_________ a long speech. ( prepare )
4. _______ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )
preparing
wishing
To keep
－,ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别：
作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且
前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比
谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。
考点3：不定式表意料之外的结果
原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。
5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day.
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
【解析] 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。
如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。
6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_____ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.
reached B. reaching
C. to reach D. to be reaching
8. He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out.
A. to tell B. to be told
C. telling D. told
hurried to the station, only ______ that the train h