文档介绍：Temple of heaven
天坛
天坛始建于明永乐十八年（1420年），总面积273公顷，经明嘉靖、清乾隆等朝增建、改建，建筑宏伟壮丽，环境庄严肃穆，是明、清两代皇帝"祭天"、"祈谷"的场所，坛域北呈圆形，南为方形，寓意"天圆地方"。四周环筑坛墙两道，把全坛分为内坛、外坛两部分，主要建筑集中于内坛。坛内主要建筑有祈年殿、皇乾殿、圜丘、皇穹宇、斋宫、无梁殿、长廊等，还有回音壁、三音石、七星石等名胜古迹。天坛集明、清建筑技艺之大成，是中国古建珍品，是世界上最大的祭天建筑群。1998年被联合国教科文组织列入"世界遗产名录"。
天坛简介
The largest existing complex of ancient sacrificial buildings in China; masterpiece of China's royal sacrificial buildings complex and one of the best symbolic illustrations of Chinese cosmology.
Located in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven (Tiantan) has been one of the most sacred places for the whole country for more than five centuries. It served as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the largest one in Beijing among several royal altars to Heaven, Earth, the Sun, the Moon and other deities or symbolic forces of Nature.
Brief Introduction
国庆时的天坛祈年殿
1、回音壁的回音--皇穹宇殿外四周有一座正圆形围墙，这就是著名的回音壁，两个人分别站在东西两侧墙边，一人对墙低声细语，另一人将耳朵贴近墙面，清晰的如同在打电话一般。
--如果您站在皇穹宇殿前甬道第18块青石上说话，声音会清晰的传到36米远的东配殿的东北角和西配殿的西北角.
--而在皇穹宇台阶前的"三音石“
--在圜丘坛的中心有一块石板叫"天心石"，站在上面大喊一声，随之而来的是回荡久远的回声。
天坛的四大妙音
回音壁
Cultural Heritage
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), originally as an altar for the worship of both Heaven and Earth. It began to serve as the exclusive imperial altar for Heaven and the Harvest since the worship of Heaven and Earth was divided in 1530, and a new Altar of Earth was built in the northern part of the capital.
The Temple of Heaven symbolizes the relationship between Earth and Heaven which stands at the heart of Chinese cosmogony, and also the special role played by the emperors within that relationship.
The main buildings of the Inner Temple are on a north-south axis, including the Circular Mound Altar (Huanqiutan) in the south and the Altar of Prayer for Good Harvests (Qigutan) in the north.