文档介绍：摘要 I 摘要马克思从商品出发,把整个资本主义经济作为一个完整的系统来考察,阐明了资本主义经济运行机制,指出了经济危机爆发的原因和必然性。凯恩斯从人的三大心理规律——边际消费趋向递减、流动性偏好和资本边际效率递减出发,对资本主义经济运行进行了简单的表象分析, 得出了有效需求不足是导致经济危机周期爆发的根源。我国学者对凯恩斯主义及其政策建议的看法经历了一个从全盘否定,到局部借鉴,最后到完全接受的过程。本文深入比较分析了两种理论的方法论、视角、出发点、失衡的原因、结构分析、政策价值等方面进行了比较。马克思经济危机理论和凯恩斯经济危机理论代表着不同的经济利益,对事物本质和经济运动规律揭示的侧重点不同,所以两者最后要达到的目的也有本质的不同。但是两者都是对资本主义经济的描述,都是如何为如何发展资本主义而服务的,因此,两者又存在一定的共性。在对比分析中,本文认为社会主义社会同样也存在爆发经济危机的可能性。因此,我们合理吸收和借鉴凯恩斯经济危机理论的正确部分,运用马克思经济危机理论,调整收入分配关系,缩小贫富差距;改变居民消费观念,节约能源和资源;完善投资结构,改善居民消费结构,从而促使社会总劳动合理分配在国民经济各产业部门之间改善产业投资结构,防止过度投机,调节金融市场,保证虚拟经济的健康运行等方面着手,重新构建我国宏观经济政策,以保证我们经济健康有序和谐的进行, 并为我国的经济系统健康运行和更快的走出这次美国次贷危机引发的经济危机中走出来提供自己的建议或看法。关键词: 经济危机有效需求资本主义基本矛盾 Abstract Ⅱ Abstract Marx inspected the capitalist economy as a integrated system from modities, and illustrated the operation mechanism of the capitalist, meanwhile, he analyzed the reason caused economic crisis, and pointed out that the outbreak of economic crisis is inevitable. Keynes' economic crisis theory is base on three major psychological law: reduced marginal propensity to consume, liquidity preference, decreased marginal efficiency of capital. Through a simple analys is to the operation of capitalist economy, he believed that insufficiency of effective demand is at the root of the economic crisis. Keynesianism and its policy suggestions th at accepted by our country scholars was experienced a process pletely negative, arriving the local draw lessons and finally full of accepting. The par atively analyses both of the two theories about their theoretic met hodologies, visual angles, st arting points, reasons of disequilibrium, structure analysis, policy worth, etc. Marxist theory of economic crisis and Keynes theory of economic crisis stand for different economical benefit, as well as the different points of emphasis for thing essence and economic laws, in that case, the purposes for both theories are essentially different. However, both theories have the similarity because both of th