文档介绍：九个谈论对象子句
第九讲 宾语从句
宾语从句的三要素:引导词、陈述句语序、时态一致
1、宾语从句的引导词
(1)由陈述句变成的宾语从句，用that引导，语序不变。that在句中无实际意义，可以省略。如:
He is a teacher. ?He said (that) he was a teacher. I have already seen the film.
?He said that he (had) already seen the film. (2)由一般疑问句变成的宾语从句，用if或whether引导，表示“是否”，原来一般疑问句的语序要变为陈述句语序。如:
Does the boy like English?
?The teacher asked me if the boy liked English. Are they students??I don't know if they are students.
注意:当宾语从句中出现“or not”或“or + 供具体选择的内容”时，就只能用whether来引导。例如:
I don’t know whether he will come back soon or not. (3)由特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时，疑问代词或疑问副词作宾语从句的引导词，并在宾语从句中充当成分，表示对不清楚的人、事物、时间、地点、方式等的询问。原来特殊疑问句的疑问语序要变为陈述语序。如:
Who is that boy? ? Miss Li wants to know who that boy is.
What does the girl want to buy?
? He asked what the girl wanted to buy.
Where have they gone? ? I didn’t know where they had gone.
When did you leave? ? He asked when I left. 2(宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即宾语从句的主语前不可有
be动词、情态动 词或助动词do, does, did, have, has, had等。
3(时态一致性，即若主句时态是现在时态(包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定;若主句是过去时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时)，宾语从句的时态也用过去时态，如:
We know he is a teacher at a school.
We know he lost his son last year.
We know he will come here soon.
He said that he was ill.
宾语从句:在复合句中做主句的宾语。宾语从句有三种情况。
1(表示陈述意义的宾语从句。由从属连词that引导。that本身没有意义，在非正式文体中和口语中常常被省略。 . He says (that) he is going to be an actor. 他说他将要当一个演员。
My mother told me (that) she liked English very much when she was a
student. 我妈妈告诉我说当她是学生时，她很喜欢英语。
由that引导的宾语从句最为常见，能接that引导的宾语从句的动词有:say, think, wish, hope, see, believe, agree, hear, feel, know,等。
2(带有“是否，有否，对否，能否”等一般疑问意义的宾语从句，由从属连词whether或if引导。
如果要突出“究竟是„„还是不„„”，常有whether后面加or not:
. He asked me if (whether) I knew John. 他问我是否认识约翰。
I want to know whether (if) he lives there. 我想知道他是否在那儿住。
Let me know whether you can come or not. 你能不能来，请告诉我一声。
3(带有“谁，谁的，什么，哪个，什么时候，什么地方，怎样，为什么”等特殊疑问意义的宾语从句，由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, how, why引导。
. Tom wants to know where Nine lives. 汤姆想知道Nine住在哪里。
Can you tell me what y