文档介绍：定语从句
定语
定语——修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
The black bike is mine.
I have 5 books. A sleeping boy.
The boy in the room is Jack.
It is a swimming pool.
定语从句
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句所修 饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who
whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，
起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
eg. The man (that/who told us a funny story)
is in the next room.
主语
I lost the book(( that/which ) you gave me).
宾语
先行词和关系词的关系
plane is a machine that can fly.
boy who broke the window is called Tom.
boy whose parents are dead was brought up
by his grandfather.
school where I study is far from my home.
the machine = that
the boy =who
the boy’s =whose
in the school = where
关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系词
关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词: when, where, why
关系代词：
指物：that which
指人：who (主/宾格) that whom（宾格）
关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语)
This is a book
I bought the book yesterday.
This is the book which/that I bought yesterday.
The dog has been found.
The dog was lost.
The dog which was lost has been found.
which / that 指物，作主语， 不能省 。作宾语，可以省。
These are the trees which were planted
last year.
This recorder which he is using is
made in Japan.
which