文档介绍：Respiratory Symptoms
Common symptoms
Cough
Expectoration
Hemoptysis
Chest pain
Cyanosis
Dyspnea
Cough (a protective reflex): causes
Respiratory diseases___ the mon causes
Airway agents
Bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, endobronchial tuberculosis, tumor, pharyngitis
Lung agents
Infection, edema, fibrosis, tumor
Pleural agents
Pleurisy, pneumothorax, mesothelioma of pleura
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiogenesis edema, pulmonary embolism
Central nervous system agents
Initiative cough, encephalitis, meningitis
Cough : manifestations
Characteristics
Dry cough (non-sputum: non-infectious)
Productive cough (sputum: infectious, edema)
Attack
Time
season
motivation
Tone
Hoarseness
High pitch
Weak
Brassy
Cough: pany signs
Fever (infection)
Chest pain (infection, tumor, pleurisy, pneumothorax, pulmo embolism)
Dyspnea
Hemoptysis (bronchietasis, tuberculosis, tumor)
Bulk pus sputum (bronchietasis, lung abscess)
Wheezing (asthma, foreign body)
Clubbing fingers (bronchietasis, lung cancer, chronic lung abscess)
Sputum: amount
Bulk frothy sputum
Pulmo edema
Bulk serofluid sputum
Alveolar carcinoma
Bulk pus sputum
Bronchiectasis
Lung abscess
Layering
upper: frothy,
middle: mucoid or mucopus,
lower: necrosis substance
Sputum: consistency
Mucoid sputum
Bronchitis (without bacterial infection)
Asthma
Early stage of pneumonia
Serofluid sputum
Pulmo edema
Pus sputum
Any bacterial infection
Bloody sputum
Sputum: color
White
mucoid or serofluid sputum
Yellow
general bacterial infection
Green
aeruginosus Bacillus infection
Grey or black
dust inhalation
Rusty
Lobar pneumonia
Pink
cardiac edema
Red
hemoptysis
Grey or black
Sputum: foul odor
anaerobic bacterium infection
Hemoptysis
Bleeding from lower respiratory tract
The amount varies from blood-strained sputum to several hundreds ml pure blood
Mild: 100ml/d
Moderate: 100-500/d
Severe: >500ml/d, or 100-500/time
Differential diagnosis
Bleeding from upper respiratory tract
Hematemesis