文档介绍：Lecture six
Amplification (I )
Main contents of this lecture
I. Definition
II. Amplification in English –Chinese Translation
III. Exercises
Definition
Amplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.
As a matter of principle , a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work. However, this does not mean that a translator should refrain from supplying necessary words to make his or her version both accurate in meaning and in keeping with idiomatic use of the language to be translated into. In fact it is precisely for the purpose of “faithful representation” of the thought of the author that we often resort to “amplification”.
This is because English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shortened words etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make any sense to people abroad. In this case it is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alteration and consequently amplification is adapted in dealing with such occasions.
1.   Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original (增添原文所省略的词语）
---- Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.
物质可以转化为能，能也可以转化为物质。
---- The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest.
最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体电阻最大。
---- In the evening , after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué.
晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演以后，他还得起草最后公报。
I.    Amplification in English –Chinese Translation
Generally speaking, in English- Chinese translation, amplification can be employed in the following 8 situations :
2.  Amplification by Supplying Necess