文档介绍：Physics Reports 372 (2002) 131–267
ate/physrep
Chaos, spatial extension, transport, and non-equilibrium
thermodynamics
JurgenVollmer' a;b
aFachbereich Physik, Universitat Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
bMax-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
Received 1 June 2001
editor: I. ia
Abstract
The connection between the thermodynamic description of transport phenomena and a microscopic descrip-
tion of the underlying chaotic motion has recently received new attention due to the convergence of ongoing
developments in the theory of deterministic chaotic systems, in the foundation of non-equilibrium statistical
physics and of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. An overview of these developments is given
with anemphasis onexplicit calculationsonexactly solvable models, that may serve as paradigms for this
approach to model transport.
c 2002 Elsevier Science . All rights reserved.
PACS: .+b; ; .−y; .+j
Keywords: Deterministic chaos; Spatial extension; Lorentz gas; MultiBaker maps; Particle and thermal di<usion;
Thermodynamic entropy balance; Thermostating
Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................ 136
. Motivation ..................................................................................... 137
. From the Markovianpostulate to the chaotic hypothesis ............................................. 138
. Chaos, the baker map and statistical physics ....................................................... 139
. Dissipation and phase-space contraction ........................................................... 141
. A Gedankenexperiment: Particle transport through a wire ............................................ 144
. The thermodynamic entropy balance ........................................................ 144
. Steady-state entropy production according to Bol