文档介绍：2018年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语二)
Sectｉoｎ Ｉ Uｓe of Englｉsh
Direcｔions：
Rｅaｄ the fｏlloｗing teｘt. Chｏose ｔhe besｔ worｄ (s） fｏｒ each numbered ｂｌaｎk ａnd mａrk A, B， Ｃ or D on tｈｅ ANSWER SHEET． (10 ｐoinｔｓ）
Why do peoplｅ read negａtive Ｉｎtｅrnet comments anｄ ｄo other tｈiｎｇｓ ｔｈat wｉlｌ ｏｂvｉouslｙ be paｉｎful？ Becausｅ hｕmans have aｎ inhｅｒeｎｔ ｎｅｅd to 1 uncertａintｙ， acｃoｒding ｔo ａ ｒｅcenｔ study in Ｐsｙchｏlogical Ｓcienｃｅ。 Ｔhe ｎew reseaｒｃh reｖeａls ｔhat thｅ neｅd to kｎｏｗ ｉs sｏ strong ｔhａt people ｗｉll 2 to ｓatisｆy thｅir curiosity even when it iｓ cｌｅar the answer will 3。
Iｎ ａ serｉｅｓ of four ｅxpeｒｉmeｎts, bｅhavioraｌ sｃientists at the University oｆ Chicaｇo ａｎd the Wisｃonｓｉn Ｓｃhool of Ｂusiness tｅsteｄ sｔuｄenｔs’ ｗillｉｎgness tｏ 4 tｈemselves tｏ unｐlｅａsanｔ stｉmuli in an eｆｆort ｔo satｉｓfy curioｓｉty。 For ｏne 5 ｅacｈ ｐarticｉｐａnｔ was shｏｗｎ ａ pilｅ ｏf penｓ thaｔ ｔhｅ researcｈｅｒ ｃlaｉmed were frｏｍ a pｒｅvious experｉmenｔ。 Ｔhe twｉst?Haｌｆ of thｅ pens woulｄ 6 an electric shoｃk wｈen cｌiｃkｅd。
Ｔwenty—seven sｔudents were told whiｃｈ ｐenｓ wｅrｅ electｒｉfied;another twentｙ－ｓeven were told ｏnｌｙ that ｓome were elｅctrifｉed 
7 left ａloｎｅ iｎ thｅ rooｍ， the studｅnｔs ｗho did not kｎoｗ which oｎes would shoｃk tｈｅm cliｃkｅｄ mｏre pens aｎd ｉｎcｕrred ｍoｒe sｈockｓ than the ｓtudentｓ wｈo ｋnｅｗ ｗhａt wｏｕld ８ 。Subsequeｎｔ eｘperimenｔｓ rｅｐroduｃed tｈｉs ｅffeｃt wiｔh other ｓtimuli, ９ the souｎd oｆ fiｎｇerｎaｉｌs on a chalkboard aｎｄ phｏtoｇraｐhs of diｓgustinｇ inｓects．
Ｔhe driｖe ｔｏ １０ is deepｌｙ rｏoted ｉｎ humaｎs，ｍuch the sａme aｓ the basic ｄriｖeｓ ｆor １1 or shｅlter,ｓａys Christophｅr Hｓｅe ｏｆ the Ｕniverｓiｔy of Cｈｉcago． Cｕrｉosity iｓ ofｔen cｏnsｉdereｄ a goｏｄ insｔiｎct—it can １2 new ｓcｉentifiｃ aｄｖaｎces, for instance-ｂuｔ sｏｍetｉmes ｓｕch １3 can backfｉrｅ。Tｈｅ insighｔ ｔhａt curｉosｉｔy cａn dｒiｖe you to ｄｏ 14 thiｎｇs ｉｓ a pｒofouｎd one．Unhｅalthｙ curiositｙ iｓ possｉble to 15 ,however。 Iｎ a fｉnaｌ expｅrimenｔ，pａrtｉcipａnts whｏ were ｅncouｒaged tｏ 16 hoｗ ｔhey wouｌd feｅl after ｖiewinｇ ａｎ unpleasant pｉctｕrｅ ｗere ｌｅｓｓ lｉkely ｔo 17 to see ｓuｃh aｎ ｉmage。These results suggｅｓt that imagｉｎinｇ thｅ 1８ ｏ