文档介绍：受限空间安全训练 Confined-space Entry 局限空间进入 ply???? 为何遵守??? ? Confined space entry is a leading cause of occupational fatalities in the world. ?不安全的受限空间作业,在这个地球上, 是职业致命伤害的一个主要原因。 Statistics 统计数据? Standard covers 240,000 workplaces and million workers ?标准覆盖 240,000 个车间和 百万工人? Workers make million entries/year ?工人每年进出 百万次? Standard may prevent 85% of fatalities and nearly 11,000 injuries ?该标准可预防 85% 的事故和近 万的工伤 Definition of a Confined Space 局限空间的定义该空间具有相对有限的容积,自然通风不良,工作人员进出频率低,。其目的大部分为维护、维修和清洁。由于它的封闭性导致其内之危险性空气,无法经由自然通风从其开口排除。包括:存储罐、锅炉、反应器、通风/ 排气通道、管道、混合器、收集器等等。 Definition of a Confined Space 局限空间的定义? Limited means of egress ?出口的限制方法? Can be bodily entered ?身体可以进入? Not designed for continuous occupancy ?不是为持续占用设计 Risk of Permit-Required Confined Space 受限空间内的危险? Contains or has potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere ?容纳或有可能容纳危险气体(氨气,硫化氢,甲醛,苯酚等) ? Contains the potential for engulfment ?有被吞没的可能? Internal configuration that can trap or asphyxiate entrant ?可导致进入者迷路或窒息的内部构造? Any other serious safety or health hazards ?其它严重的安全或健康危害 Typical Permit-Required Spaces 典型的受限制空间? Chemical storage tanks ?化学品存储罐? Waste or storage pits ?废品站或贮藏点? Scrubber ?废水废气处理设施? Maker facility ?砂带制造设备? Oven ?烘房 Typical Non-Permit-Required Spaces 非典型的限制空间? Utility closets ?储物柜? Below-grade trenches ?未经定级的沟渠? Storage vaults ?有拱顶的储物间? Utility subbasements ?设施的地下二层结构 Potential Confined Space Hazards 局限空间潜在危险 Engulfment 被吞没 Oxygen deficiency (18% or less) 氧气缺乏( 18% 或更少) Oxygen enrichment (22% or higher) 氧气过多( 22% 或更多) Flammable gases or vapors bustible dusts 宜燃粉尘 Toxic substances 有毒物质 Physical hazards 物质(有形)危险 Atmospheric Testing 空气测试 Hazards must be tested in this order: 危害测试必须按照以下顺序: Oxygen content bustibility/flammability 燃烧性/可燃性 Toxic atmospheres 有毒气体 Entrants must be allowed to observe monitoring 进入者必须同意接受观察监控