文档介绍：position
Definition
The formation of new words by joining two or more bases.
silkworm 蚕
honey-bee 蜜蜂
tear gas 催泪弹
Each expresses one concept.
They are pounds.
position
Form of writing
silkworm
honey-bee
tear gas
solid
hyphenated
open
position
Differences pounds and free phrases:
tear gas
easy chair
good friend
red rose
compounds
free phrase
position
Characteristics:
1. Stress pattern:
`——= compound
—`—= free phrase
`tear gas `easy chair
good `friend red `rose
The stress falls on the first element in C.
The stress falls on the second in FP.
position
2. Meaning:
black mail:
hot potato:
dog days:
the youngest daughter:
“one-wordness”: a C is a semantic unit as one word to express a single idea while a free phrase is bination of two bases.
讹诈
棘手的问题
三伏天
老闺女
position
3. Grammatical features:
easy chair
red tape
fine art
hot line
easier chair
reddest tape
finest art
hot line
compounds
free phrase
position
Orthographical pounds can be written as “solid” like flowerpot, “hyphenated” like flower-pot and even “open” like flower pot, while free phrases can only take the open forms like turn out.
Formation pounds
Word classes pounds:
pounds are nouns and adjectives
e verbs.
Compounds of other part of speech are few.
everyday, something, nobody, whatever, nowhere, within, underneath, into, upon
Formation pounds
1. pounds
end product, information highway, netspeak
heartbeat, toothache
breakwater, swearword
software, deadline
sleepwalking, airconditioning
n + n
n + v
v + n
a + n
n + v-ing
Formation pounds
washing machine, cleaning lady
stockholder, crime reporter
outbreak, downfall
have-not, sit-in
going-over, carryings-on
up-bringing
v-ing+n
n+v+er
adv+v
v+adv
v-ing+adv
adv+v-ing