文档介绍：余晓岚
免疫学 Immunology
湖北大学生命科学学院
生物技术教研室
推动现代生命科学前进的三架马车
分子生物学(Molecular Biology)
免疫学(Immunology)
细胞生物学(Cell Biology)
一、免疫学的简介
二、免疫应答的类型及作用
三、免疫细胞
四、免疫组织与免疫器官
五、免疫病理与免疫性疾病
第一章免疫学的基本内容
第一节概述
免疫(Immunity): 指免除疫病(传染病)
及抵抗多种疾病的发生。
Distinguishes “self” from “non-self”
Danger Hypothesis
“Protection” from infection, tumors, etc.
A response that may result in host tissue damage
Host Defense
Defense
Mechanisms
Innate
Inborn independent
of previous
experience
Acquired
Naturally
acquired
Active
Adoptive
Passive
Active
Adoptive
Passive
after natural
exposure to a foreign
agent
placental transfer
immune cells in
colostrum
Artificially
acquired
Specific
immunization
administration of
preformed antibodies
Bone marrow
transplant
immune cells in
colostrum
宿主体内的免疫系统识别和清除
免疫系统是由免疫组织和器官、免疫细胞及免疫活性分子等组成。
免疫细胞对病原体或肿瘤细胞的适当应答,使之清除。
免疫应答过高或过低,均为异常。
第二节免疫应答的类型及作用
固有免疫应答(inanate immune response)皮肤黏膜、局部分泌物质、吞噬细胞、NK细胞和补体
适应性免疫应答(adaptive immune response) T、B细胞
Two types of immunity
Innate immunity (not antigen-specific)
Anatomical barriers
Mechanical
Biochemical
Non-specific (eg. Low pH in stomach)
Receptor-driven (eg. PAMP-recognition)
Adaptive immunity (antigen-specific)
Receptor-driven
Pre-existing clones programmed to make a specific immune response (humoral/cellular)
The products of the immune response may be used
To diagnose disease
To monitor disease progress
As reagents in assays to detect and quantify other substances