文档介绍：上海交通大学
硕士学位论文
化学沉淀法去除废水中氨氮的研究
姓名:张玉莉
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:环境工程
指导教师:蔡伟民
20050101
摘要
本课题研究了化学沉淀法处理模拟氨氮废水的处理效果并进一步研究了化学
沉淀法处理实际焦化废水
化学沉淀法处理模拟废水的单因素实验结果表明反应pH值及氨氮磷酸盐
镁离子之间的摩尔配比对氨氮去除效果影响显著随着反应pH的上升氨氮去除
率上升在pH=9 11范围内氨氮残留浓度达到最低值氨氮去除率在90%左右
2+ + 3-
nMg :nNH4 :nPO4 对氨氮的去除率影响显著摩尔配比必须达到1:1:1 才会有高
的氨氮去除率反应时间及反应温度对氨氮去除效果的影响不明显
2+ +
处理模拟废水的正交实验结果表明对于氨氮去除率 nMg :nNH4 是最显著
3- + - 3- +
的影响素其次是nPO4 :nNH4 和pH值对于残留磷酸盐浓度 nPO4 :nNH4 是最
2+ +
显著的影响因素其次是nMg :nNH4 和pH值
二次投药沉淀能有效地降低残留的氨氮浓度使氨氮去除率从 90%左右上升
到 97%以上并且没有增加反应后磷酸盐的残留浓度 MgCl2 NaH2PO4 及 NaOH
溶液的投加速度对氨氮去除效果有显著影响缓慢投加药剂时氨氮去除率明显提
高
化学沉淀法处理焦化废水的实验结果表明随着 pH 值的升高氨氮残留浓度
呈下降趋势当 pH = 时氨氮浓度从 2285mg/L 下降到 241mg/L MgCl2
NaH2PO4 NaOH 溶液的投加速度对氨氮去除效果有显著影响快速投加药剂时氨
氮去除率仅为 % 而缓慢投加药剂时氨氮去除率可达 % 提高 Mg2+的摩
2+ + 3-
尔配比能有效降低反应后残留的磷酸盐浓度当 nMg :nNH4 :nPO4 =1:1:1 时
2+ + 3-
残留磷酸盐浓度为当 nMg :nNH4 :nPO4 =:1:1 时残留磷酸盐浓度
为
采用化学沉淀法处理高浓度氨氮废水技术可行经济合理生成的磷酸铵镁
沉淀可作为缓释复合肥
关键词氨氮磷酸铵镁鸟粪石化学沉淀
ABSTRACT
The research studies the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in the artificial
wastewater by chemical precipitation and its application to real coke manufacturing
wastewater.
The study of effect of single factor on removing ammonia nitrogen in artificial
+ 2+
wastewater by chemical precipitation indicates that pH and mole ratio of NH4 , Mg and
3-
PO4 -P have strong influence on removing ammonia nitrogen. With the rise of pH, the
removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen increase. When pH ranges from to , the
+
highest removal efficiency is achieved, which is about 90%. The mole ratio of NH4 ,
2+ 3-
Mg and PO4 -P has great effect on reaction. High removal efficiency of ammonia
2+ + 3-
nitrogen will be achieved only when nMg :nNH4 :nPO4 -P is above 1:1:1. Reaction time
and reaction temperature do not influence the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen
greatly.
2+ +
The result of orthogonal experiment shows that nMg :nNH4 is the most notable
3- +
factor, next is n