文档介绍:颈 动 脉 狭 窄 诊 治 指 南 解 读
颈动脉狭窄(Carotid Artery Stenosis)
CREST
ACT
颈动脉狭窄的基础与临床
供应脑的动脉
颈内动脉系统
(Internal Carotid Artery System)
椎-基底动脉系统
(Vertebral Basilar Artery System)
颈动脉狭窄(Carotid Artery Stenosis)
包括CCA、ECA、ICA颅外段狭窄
Internal carotid artery
The internal carotid artery is a major paired artery, one on each side of the head and neck, in human anatomy. They arise from the common carotid arteries where these bifurcate into the internal and external carotid arteries at cervical vertebral level 3 or 4; the internal carotid artery supplies the brain, while the external carotid nourishes other portions of the head, such as face, scalp, skull, and meninges.
Classification of ICA
In clinical settings, the classification system of the internal carotid artery usually follows the 1996 recommendations by Bouthillier.
C1:Cervical sgement
C2:Petrous sgement
C3:Lacerum sgement
C4:Cavernous sgement
C5:Clinoid sgement
C6:Ophthalmic sgement
C7:Communicating sgement
颈内动脉分段
C1颈段,又分为颈动脉球部和颈升段。
C2岩段,是颈内动脉走行于颈动脉管内的一段,分为两个亚段,即垂直段(或称升段)和水平段.
C3破裂孔段,本段很短,起自颈动脉管颅内端,止于岩舌韧带 ;
C4海绵窦段,起于岩舌韧带上缘,止于硬脑膜环。分为三个亚段,后升部(垂直部)、水平部和前垂直部;
C5床突段,是颈内动脉各段中最短的一段。起自近侧硬脑膜环,止于颈内动脉进入蛛网膜下腔处的远侧硬脑膜环;
C6眼段,起自远侧硬脑膜环,终止于后交通动脉开口近侧。前壁发出颈内动脉入颅后的第一分支,眼动脉;
C7交通段,起自后交通动脉开口近侧,终止于大脑前动脉和大脑中动脉分叉处(大脑前动脉和大脑中动脉的水平段与颈内动脉交通段形成“T”形)。此段从后壁发出分支,由近到远分别是后交通动脉、脉络膜前动脉。
颈动脉狭窄病因(Etiology)
动脉硬化性颈动脉狭窄(约90%以上);
慢性炎症性动脉炎(Takayasu动脉炎,巨细胞动脉炎,放射性动脉炎);
颈动脉夹层动脉瘤;
 
颈动脉