文档介绍：本科毕业设计(论文)
加工中心机械换刀手结构设计
摘要
机械手是自动换刀装置中交换刀具的主要工具,它担负着把刀库上的刀具送到主轴上,再把主轴上已用过的刀具返回刀库上的任务。机械手的目的是为了使加工中心能够更快的的工作,使加工中心能够得到更加充分的利用,以实现其的价值所在;再者,由于使用了机械手,减少由于人工换刀带来的低生产效率和容易出事故的弊端。加工中心的自动换刀装置,通常是由刀库和机械手组成,它是加工中心的象征。因此各加工中心制造厂家都在下大力研制动作迅速、可靠性高的自动换刀装置,以求在激烈的竞争中取得好效益。自动换刀装置是加工中心的核心内容,各厂家都在保密,极少公开有关资料,尤其机械手部分更是如此。本次设计思路是利用机械手的运动来实现加工中心的换刀。机械手的运动由三种运动组成即:旋转、升降和手爪的自锁。机械手的旋转运动主要负责交换刀具,其驱动装置由两相互啮合的齿轮传动来实现,动力则由步进电机驱动提供,控制步进电机的每秒脉冲数,就可以准确的控制其位置。机械手的升降运动主要负责拔刀、插刀,其驱动装置由齿轮齿条啮合把旋转运动变为直线运动,同样控制步进电机的每秒脉冲数和实现对三相中的任意一相一直保持通电以实现抱闸。其手爪自锁主要利用电磁感应来实现,顶杆后面用弹簧连接用于在断电后能自由返回到原来的位置。
关键词:机械手;加工中心;电磁感应;刀具
Abstract
The machine hand is the main tool in the install of automatic tool change,which shoulder carrying the knife onto the principal axis,then,put the have been used knife of the principal axis return to the tool. Purpose of the machine hand is in oder to making the central machining work more quickly and be used more other hand,using machine hand can improve the low produce efficiency and reducing the accident. The automatc tool change install of the central machining ,is posing of the machine hand and tool,which is the symbol of the central machining . So the central machining maker study the automatic tool change on the quickly move and good reliability .Vigorously, in oder to gain huge benefit in the petition automatic tool change is the core content to the central machining, so allthe maker are all keeping secret and do not open,especially the machine my graduation design,the main thinking is using the machine hand plete exchanging the of the machine hand is make up by three kind whirling of the machine hand is in charge of exchanging the knife。Two mutual mesh gear drive offer power to the equipment and control the pulse of the stepping motor。The lifting movement is in charge of the machine hand pulling and Inserting the knife。Rack and pinion drive can achieve the movement。stepping motor can achieve brake。 The paw lock knife is