文档介绍：BIOINFORMATICS Introduction
Mark Gerstein, Yale University
What is Bioinformatics?
(Molecular) Bio - informatics
One idea for a definition? Bioinformatics is conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules (in the sense of physical-chemistry) and then applying “informatics” techniques (derived from disciplines such as applied math, CS, and statistics) to understand anize the information associated with these molecules, on a large-scale.
Bioinformatics is “MIS” for Molecular Biology Information. It is a practical discipline with many applications.
Organizing Molecular Biology Information: Redundancy and Multiplicity
Different Sequences Have the Same anism has many similar genes
Single Gene May Have Multiple Functions
Genes are grouped into Pathways
Genomic Sequence Redundancy due to the ic Code
How do we find the similarities?.....
(idea from D Brutlag, Stanford)
Integrative Genomics - genes structures functions pathways expression levels regulatory systems ….
A Parts List Approach to Bike Maintenance
A Parts List Approach to Bike Maintenance
What are the shared parts (bolt, nut, washer, spring, bearing), unique parts (cogs, levers)? What are mon parts -- types of parts (nuts & washers)?
How many roles can these play?
How flexible and adaptable are they mechanically?
Where are the parts located?
General Types of “Informatics” techniques in Bioinformatics
Databases
Building, Querying
Object DB
Text parison
Text Search
1D Alignment
Significance Statistics
Alta Vista, grep
Finding Patterns
AI / Machine Learning
Clustering
Datamining
Geometry
Robotics
Graphics (Surfaces, Volumes)
Comparison and 3D Matching (Visision, recognition)
Physical Simulation
Newtonian Mechanics
Electrostatics
Numerical Algorithms
Simulation
New Paradigm for puting
Because of increase in data and improvement puters, new calculations e possible
But Bioinformatics has a new style of calculation...
Two Paradigms
Physics
Prediction based on