C Enzymes.ppt

文档介绍：C1 Introduction to enzymes
C2 Thermodynamics热力学
C3 Enzyme ics动力学
C4 Enzyme inhibition
C5 Regulation of enzyme activity
C Enzymes
Enzyme as catalysts催化剂
Active site 活性部位
Substrate specificity底物专一性
Enzyme classification分类
Enzyme assays酶的测定
Linked enzyme assays
Coenzymes辅酶 and prosthetic groups辅基
Isoenzymes同工酶
C1 Introduction to enzymes
Enzymes as catalysts
Enzymes are catalysts that change the rate of a reaction without being changed themselves
Enzyme catalyzed reactions usually take place under relatively mild conditions(T,P,pH).
Enzymes are highly specific and their activity can be regulated.
Virtually all enzymes are proteins, although some catalytically active RNAs have been identified.
Active site活性部位
Active site is the region that binds the substrate 底物and converts it into product。
结合部位:负责与底物的结合,决定酶的专一性。
催化部位:负责催化底物键的断裂形成新键,决定酶的催化能力。
Small(1-2%)、a three-dimensional entity实体
Cleft or crevice裂缝on the surface of enzyme
Bind by multiple weak forces
Enzyme-plex
transition plex过渡态复合物--product
Active site
Active site
Enzyme-plex
Two models---enzyme bind its substrate
Lock and key model锁-钥:Emil Fischer,1894
Induced fit model诱导契合:Daniel E. Koshland,Jr 1958
Lock and key model