文档介绍：Chapter 7 Energy Metabolism and Body Temperature Regulation
Section 1 Energy metabolism
(1)Origin (Food energy)
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are oxidized in the cells and energy be released.
(2)transfer and storage
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used by cells to synthesize ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is energy source for cellular functions.
▪ATP – coupling agent for energy transfer, containing high energy phosphate bonds in the cells.
▪ CP (creatine phosphate)
(3)Energy utilization by cells
2. Measurement of energy metabolism
(1)Direct calorimetry:
(2)Indirect calorimetry:
Metabolic rate can also be calculated with the thermal equivalent of food, thermal equivalent of oxygen and the rate of the O2 utilization.
According to the law of definite proportions.
3. Several concepts about energy metabolism
(1)Metabolic rate
The amount of energy liberated from a anism per unit of time.(Joules, J; kilojoules, kJ ; kilocalorie, kcal)
(2)Thermal equivalent of food
The amount of energy liberated from 1g of some food oxidized biologically outside of body.
(3)Thermal equivalent of oxygen
The amount of energy liberated from some food oxidized, consuming 1 liter of O2.
(4)Respiratory quotient(RQ)
The ratio of the amount of CO2 exhaled to O2 inhaled (CO2/O2) per unit of time.
RQ of carbohydrate ; fat ; proteins
Commonly,